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BY MR. EVANS OJIAMBO. COMMUNICATION SKILLS. YOU CANNOT NOT COMMUNICATE. Definitions of Communication. Communication is any behavior that results in an exchange of meaning ’.
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BY MR. EVANS OJIAMBO COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Definitions of Communication • Communication is any behavior that results in an exchange of meaning’. • ‘ the process by which information is transmitted between two or more individuals so that understanding can occur between them’. • NB: if the other person does not understand you, you have failed to communicate effectively
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION • is the process by which people exchange information, feelings, and meaning through verbal and non-verbal messages usually in a face to face interaction. • Interpersonal communication is not just about what is actually said - the language used - but howit is said and the non-verbal messages sent through body language. • Improving your Interpersonal communication skills will help you to interact with other people better.
HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS • There are many tools available to help you improve your interpersonal communication skills. • The better you become at using these tools, the better you’ll be at communicating with other people. • The two primary categories of these tools are verbal and nonverbal tools.
1. WORDS/LANGUAGE • People judge you by the words you use, and this is truebecause words are a way of expressing yourself. • Words have power.They have the power to build and they have the power to destroy as well. • Avoid using slang words or slurs of any type which will make people to think negatively of you.
2. VOCABULARY • Your vocabulary can reveal to others how educated you areand others may make judgments about you that can affect your opportunities with them. • The best communicators will use an expanded vocabulary with more educated groups and a more basic vocabulary with less-educated groups. • An expanded vocabulary will help you express yourself better
3. PRONUNCIATION • It is the act of articulating words correctly in terms of how they sound.. • Pronouncing a word incorrectly can lead to embarrassment yet it is something that can be avoided.. • Examples of words usually pronounced incorrectly are; • JEOPARDY • CHASSIS • COIFFURE • DHOW… etc
4. BREVITY • It is the ability to convey information in a brief and concise manner. • It requires you to stop beating about the bush and go straight to the point. • Brevity requires you to leave out any irrelevant details • Brevity shows that you respect and value the other person’s time. • Former US president Franklyn D. Roosevelt once said “BE SINCERE, BE BRIEF, BE SEATED”
5. EMOTIONS • The emotions you communicate while speaking are vital. • The key here is to show emotion without “getting emotional.” • Emotions can be a very effective communicator. For example, showing anger can communicate that you are very serious about something. For example summons on hell-fire • Emotions allow you to put more of you into what you say. • COMMUNICATION IS 20% WHAT YOU KNOW AND 80% WHAT YOU FEEL ABOUT WHAT YOU KNOW..
6. BE A GOOD LISTENER • Listening is about giving your attention to sound or actions. • When listening, you must hear what others are saying, and trying to understand what it means and then respond accordingly • A good listener has the following attributes; • Does not interrupt the speaker • AVOIDS distractions • Faces the speaker and maintains eye contact • Give feedback through body language and paralinguistics • Tries to feel the speakers emotions etc
BODY LANGUAGE IN INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION • Body language is a type of non-verbal communication that relies on body movements such as gestures, posture and facial expressions to convey messages. • It can be used consciously or unconsciously and may accompany verbal messages or serve as a substitute for speech
1. EYE CONTACT AND POSTURE • Having and sustaining eye contact with someone is a sign of interest and sincerity • Posture is the manner in which you sit or stand when communicating with someone • For example when you talk to someone and he or she is leaning towards the door…. It means they are in a hurry
2) HAPTICS (PHYSICAL CONTACT) • It involves touch or physical contact as an element of communication. However touch is a very sensitive element and some people react angrily to touches they perceive as intrusive or harassment. • A handshake is the most common form of physical contact that acts as a sign of goodwill when greeting someone. • A hug can be used to comfort a grieving person or as a welcome or goodbye • Holding hands is a sign of a strong bond or intimacy between persons
3) PROXEMICS/ PERSONAL SPACE • It refers to the physical distance between two people in a social, family or work environment. • The distance between 2 people can tell you the nature of their relationship. (whether it good or bad) • we feel very awkward or annoyed when someone invades our personal space ( for example by standing too close) • But you also wonder why your friend is sitting or standing far away from you. • how you handle personal space depends on your culture, the social situation, gender, your relationship with the other person and your intention…
TIPS TO REMEMBER ON PERSONAL SPACE • Never lean over someone else’s shoulder to read or view something unless you have been invited to do so • Never go through someone’s personal belongings.. This would be an invasion of personal space • Do not fling your arm around someone’s shoulder or pat someone on the back unless you know each other very well • When someone leans away from you, you are probably in that person’s intimate space… you need to step back • Do not enter a room or office without knocking first. That room or office is someone’s personal space..
4) CHRONEMICS How is time used to communicate? • What does it mean to you when someone is always late to your meeting? • When a person arrive late for an appointment, it may convey something positive or negative depending on his status or authority compared to the other person he is meeting with. • If you arrive late for an interview, it implies that you lack personal integrity and therefore you don’t value the interview. • However VIPs tend to arrive late at events they have been invited to show their status and authority to the congregation.
5) SILENCE “speech is silver; silence is golden." • Keeping quiet can communicate contentment, awkwardness, anger, respect, thoughtfulness, empathy etc. depending on the situation. • Positive silence relates to someone who uses silence as a tool of communication to promote, to solidify or to maintain the existing relationship. For example during a wedding a priest asks the audience if they have any objections to the bride and bridegroom. The silence from the audience indicate their support for the wedding. • Negative silence involves isolating, ignoring, disagreeing etc which would destroy or melt away the existing goodwill and interaction between people.