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Writing and Naming Compounds

Writing and Naming Compounds. You will be writing the black words on your foldable, and the white words in your notes. Metal + Nonmetal Polyatomic Ions Nonmetal + Nonmetal Funny Metals Binary Acid Ternary Acid. It should open like a book. On the front Flaps.

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Writing and Naming Compounds

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  1. Writing and Naming Compounds You will be writing the black words on your foldable, and the white words in your notes.

  2. Metal + Nonmetal Polyatomic Ions Nonmetal + Nonmetal Funny Metals Binary Acid Ternary Acid It should open like a book On the front Flaps

  3. Inside flaps will have 3 examples for each rule Back of book will have the RULE INSIDE THE FOLDABLE

  4. Metal + Nonmetal

  5. Binary Ionic Compound • 1. Write the cation (metal) first • 2. Write the anion (nonmetal) second with –IDE ending • Binary means there are only two types of atoms in the compound • Remember, the total charge on an ionic compound is ZERO.

  6. Examples: • NaCl – Sodium Chloride • MgBr2 – Magnesium Bromide • CaO – Calcium Oxide

  7. Examples for you to try… • LiF • Lithium Fluoride • KCl • Potassium Chloride • BaS • Barium Sulfide • CaF2 • Calcium Fluoride

  8. Writing a formula from the name… • Looking at the name of a compound and using regular ionic charges, you can work backwards and find the formula of a compound • EX: Calcium Chloride • Regular charges: Ca2+ Cl1- • Balance out charges… Ca2+ x 1 Cl1- x 2 • Write out equation… CaCl2

  9. Examples for you to try… • Calcium Bromide • CaBr2 • Sodium Oxide • Na2O • Magnesium Chloride • MgCl2

  10. Polyatomic Ion

  11. You can write all of your polyatomic ions on the back of your foldable to reference

  12. Ternary Ionic Compounds • Ternary means you have 3 or more types of atoms, so you must have a Polyatomic Ion involved • Remember, a Polyatomic Ion is a group of atoms that have a charge when they are together • Most Poly Ions are negative, with the exception of ammonium (NH41+)

  13. Ternary Ionic Compounds • 1. Write your cation first • 2. Write your anion second (if Poly Ion, keep ending; if nonmetal, gets –ide ending)

  14. Examples: • KCN – Potassium Cyanide • Ca(OH)2 – Calcium Hydroxide • NH4F – Ammonium Fluoride

  15. Examples for you to try… • KOH • Potassium Hydroxide • CaSO4 • Calcium Sulfate • BaCO3 • Barium Carbonate

  16. Writing a formula from the name… • Writing a formula from the name of a Polyatomic Ion compound works the same way at Ionic Compounds • Look at the charges and balance them out!

  17. Examples for you to try… • Sodium Carbonate • Na2CO3 • Magnesium Nitrate • Mg(NO3)2 • Ammonium Sulfide • (NH4)2S

  18. Nonmetal + Nonmetal

  19. Covalent Compound • Covalent compounds involve 2 non-metals WITHOUT CHARGES • No balancing of charges are necessary • You look at the number of elements present to determine the name

  20. Covalent Compound • 1. prefixes and –IDE ending • 1 – mono 5 - penta 9 - nona • 2 - di 6 - hexa 10 - deca • 3 - tri 7 - hepta • 4 – tetra 8 – octa

  21. Examples… • CO2 – Carbon Dioxide • (mono NOT used on first word!) • P2O5 – Diphosphorous Pentoxide • Cl9F8 – Nonachlorine Octafluoride

  22. Examples for you to try… • N2Br4 • Dinitrogen Tetrabromide • SO3 • Sulfur Trioxide • Cl2F6 • Dichlorine Hexafluoride

  23. Writing a formula from the name… • By looking at the prefix, you may figure out how many of that nonmetal is used in your formula • Example: Tricarbon Hexaoxide • Tri = 3 carbons, Hexa = 6 oxygens • C3O6

  24. Examples for you to try… • Carbon Heptabromide • CBr7 • Pentanitrogen Octaflouride • N5F8 • Tetraphosphorous Decachloride • P4Cl10

  25. Funny Metals Transition Metals

  26. Transition Metals • Our transitions metals do not follow common ionic charge rules • Some even have more than one possible charge associated with them, meaning there are two possibilities for naming

  27. Transition Metal Compounds • 1. If two charges possible on metal… • Look at anion to determine charge on metal • Write metal with charge in roman numerals after • Write nonmetal with –IDE ending

  28. +2 or +3 Cu, Fe +2 or +4 Sn, Pb

  29. Examples… • FeCl2 • iron(II) chloride • FeCl3 • iron(III) chloride • Sn(NO3)4 • tin(IV) nitrate

  30. Writing a formula from the name… • When working backwards, first look at the roman numeral to determine the charge • Balance out the nonmetal charge • Ex: Lead (IV) Oxide • Charge on lead is 4+ • Charge on oxygen is 2- • To balance out, need two oxygens for every lead • PbO2

  31. Acids • All formulas begin with H (for now) • All names end with “acid” • Acids are covalent compounds that ionize in water

  32. Binary Acids

  33. Binary Acids (H and element) • If the anion ends in –IDE, the acid name is hydro-”stem”-ic acid.

  34. Examples • HCl – Hydrochloric Acid • HS – Hydrosulfuric Acid • HF – Hydrofluoric acid

  35. Ternary Acid

  36. If the anion ends in –ITE, the acid name is “stem”-ous acid.If the anion ends in –ATE, the acid name is “stem”-ic acid. Ternary Acid (H and polyatomic ion)

  37. Examples for you to try… • H2SO3 • sulfurous acid • H3PO4 • phosphoric acid • HNO2 • Nitrous Acid

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