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Careers in Seafood: From Preparing to Catching

Learn about different careers in the seafood industry, from preparing and serving shellfish to trapping and spawning game fish. Discover the nutritional values of seafood and guidelines for buying and storing it. Explore different classifications of water animals and learn how to cook finfish and shellfish.

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Careers in Seafood: From Preparing to Catching

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  1. Tuesday, May 19, 2015 AQUATICS BIOLOGY Get out Tri-o-ramas and get ready to present them • Pick up notes “How to purchase seafood” • Aquarium clean up

  2. SEAFOOD

  3. Careers in Seafood • Raw Shellfish Preparer • Cleans and prepares shellfish for serving customers • Fish Hatchery Attendant • Performs a combination of tasks to trap and spawn game fish, incubate eggs, and rear fry in a fish hatchery • Net Fisher • Catches finfish, shellfish, and other marine life alone or as a crewmember on shore or aboard fishing vessels using a variety of equipment.

  4. Did You Know??? • Alaska is the largest producer of shellfish in the United States?

  5. Nutritional Values of Seafood • Included in the Meat & Beans category of the Food Guide Pyramid • Most people should consume between 5 and 7 ounces of fish per day • One serving of fish is about 3 ounces

  6. Nutritional Values of Seafood • Excellent source of complete protein • Fewer calories, saturated fat and cholesterol than red meat • Contain the vitamins A and D

  7. Nutritional Values of Seafood • Contain the minerals phosphorus, iron, calcium and iodine • Iodine – prevents swelling of thyroid gland called goiter • Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish may reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke

  8. Inspection of Seafood • Voluntary program by the National Marine Fisheries Service • Inspected fish carry a round inspection seal

  9. Grades determined by: Appearance Odor Flavor Lack of defects Grade A Top quality Uniform in size Good flavor Few defects Grade B Not uniform in size and some defects Grade C Nutritious, but less attractive Grading of Seafood Most fish in retail markets is U.S. Grade A.

  10. Buying Seafood • The amount to buy depends on the kind and form • Fish fillets generally cost more than whole fish because they require more handling • Local fish are less expensive than shipped fish • Only buy from reputable sellers • Fish should be stored on beds of ice in covered cases

  11. Guidelines for storing seafood • Highly perishable • Refrigerator: Store in a tightly wrapped container in the coldest part of the refrigerator and use within a day or two • Freezer: wrap in moisture-proof and vapor-proof material • Canned: store in a cool, dry space. Refrigerate unused portions

  12. TWO CLASSIFICATIONS OF WATER ANIMALS • Finfish • Fins and backbones • Shellfish • Shells instead of backbones

  13. Lean Fish Very little fat White flesh…often called white fish Types of lean fish: Swordfish Haddock Cod Fat Fish Fattier than lean fish Flesh is pink, yellow or gray in color Types of fat fish Mackerel Catfish Salmon FinfishOften called “FISH”

  14. Fresh Finfish • Fresh fin fish should have a stiff body, tight scales, and firm flesh. • Gills should be red • Eyes should be bright and bulging • A finger pushed into the flesh should leave no indentation • The outside should have little or no slime • The smell should be fresh

  15. Forms of Finfish • Whole • Also known as round • As it comes from the water • Must clean before cooking • Drawn • Has entrails (insides) removed • Dressed • Has entrails, head, fins, and scales removed • Fish Steaks • Cross-sectional slices taken from dressed fish • Fish Fillets • Sides of the fish cut lengthwise away from the backbone

  16. Frozen Finfish • Drawn fish, dressed fish, fish steaks, and fillets can be purchased frozen • Frozen fish should be • Solidly frozen • In moisture proof wrapping • In vapor proof wrapping • No discoloration • Little odor

  17. Guidelines to cooking finfish • Internal temperature should reach 145o • Naturally tender so cook for a short period of time • Undercooked fish may contain bacteria • Overcooked fish is tough and dry • Cooking done when flesh is firm and flakes easily with a fork • Flesh will lose the translucent appearance and will become opaque

  18. For fat fish use dry heat methods: Broiling Under direct heat source Grilling Directly over hot coals Baking To prevent drying…brush with oil or sauce For lean fish use moist heat methods: Frying Coat with bread crumbs/batter Fry in small amt. of oil Poaching Cooking fully submersed in simmering liquid Steaming Similar to poaching…use less liquid Methods of cooking finfish

  19. Mollusks Soft bodies that are partially or fully covered by hard shells Types of Mollusks: Oysters Clams Scallops Crustaceans Covered by crust like shells and have segmented bodies Types of Crustaceans: Shrimp Lobster Crabs Shellfish

  20. Shellfish Did You Know??? Shrimp and oysters are the most important shellfish in the United States in terms of the amount eaten!

  21. Shellfish MOLLUSKS

  22. Oysters Can be purchased live in the shell Fresh or frozen shucked Canned Packaged according to size Live Oysters Tightly closed shells Shells that close quickly when touched Shucked Oysters Plump Creamy in color Odorless Shellfish

  23. Shellfish • Clams • Available • Live in the shell • Freshor frozen shucked • Canned-packaged according to size • Shucked clams should be… • Plump • Odorless • Creamy colored • The shells of live clams should be tightlyclosed or should close when touched

  24. Shellfish • Scallops • Two varieties available • Tiny bay scallops • Creamy white or pink in color • Larger deep sea scallops • White in color • Cannot buy scallops in the shell • Available fresh or frozen • Whole body is edible…commonly in the U.S. only the large muscle used to close the shell is eaten!

  25. Shellfish CRUSTACEANS

  26. Shrimp Many varieties Most sold without the head and thorax You may need to peel away the outer shell Before cooking, remove intestinal tract called deveining Marketed according to the number needed to weigh 1 pound Marketed by size Jumbo, large, medium, small Frozen shrimp may be purchased uncooked or cooked and either peeled or unpeeled When purchasing…look for shrimp that’s odorless with firmly attached shells Shellfish

  27. Lobster Dark, blue-green when removed from water Become red when cooked Can be purchased Live Frozen whole or tail Cooked Canned When buying live lobster, look for… Those with tails that snap back quickly after being flattened Shellfish

  28. Shellfish • Crabs • Common species are the blue and Dungeness crab • Can be purchased • Live • Cooked fresh or frozen • Canned

  29. Overview…Shellfish: Signs of Freshness • Shell of shrimp should be firmly attached with no noticeable odor • Sea scallops should be white; bay scallops are pink or creamy white • Live oyster and clam shells should be tightly closed • Shucked oysters and clams should be plump, creamy white and odorless

  30. Naturally tender…cook for a short period of time at moderate temp. Overcooking causes tough fish Cooking methods: Simmering Baking Broiling/grilling Pan-frying Deep-fry Microwave Guidelines to cooking shellfish

  31. General Hints • To reduce fat content when purchasing canned tuna…look for tuna stored in water rather than oil • When serving shrimp cocktail…purchase large, fancy shrimp rather than the small shrimp

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