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Bartolomeu Dias, rounding the Cape of Good Hope, 1488. Vasco da Gama’s trip, 1497. The Portuguese Empire, 1502-1577. Map of Gulf of Guinea by Hamann Ebert, 1743. Africa Savagery Slavery Nature Wild land Feminine. Europe Civilization Free labor Culture and reason
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Africa Savagery Slavery Nature Wild land Feminine Europe Civilization Free labor Culture and reason Cultivated agriculture Masculine European Eyes on Africa:A Set of Contrasts
German philosopher, Arthur Schopenhauer, Parerga and Paralipomena (1851) “The highest civilization and culture, apart from the ancient Hindus and Egyptians, are found exclusively among the white races; and even with many dark peoples, the ruling caste or race is fairer in color than the rest and has, therefore, evidently immigrated, for example, the Brahmins, the Incas, and the rulers of the South Sea islands.” Because of the climate.
A newspaper cartoon showing Sarah Baartman, “the Hottentot Venus,” being exhibited in England and France