Chapter 4 Part 1 Questions

1. Chapter 4 Part 1 Questions Pages 47-51

2. Questions • When did the war begin? When did it end? • For Canada, it began 30 Nov 1914 and ended 11 Nov 1918 • Why did Canada join the war? • Canada joined the war because it felt loyal to Britain and its cause

3. Questions • How did Nationalism change society? How did Industrialization change how war was conducted? • Nationalism caused society to become prideful and loyal to one’s country. Small professional armies became large enthusiastic armies ready to defend their country. War was a commit made by an entire society. • Industrialization lead to development of advanced technologies (ex. tanks, machine guns, bombs & airplanes). Developments enabled war to be far-reaching and for troops and supplies to be more efficiently moved.

4. Questions • How can loosing and entire generation affect society? • This can lead to the loss of a family bloodline, decrease in population, lead to communities disappearing or moving because they could not sustain themselves. • What role did women play on the home front? • Women became the driving work force while the men were away at war. • They became volunteer nurses, worked for the red cross (socks, food, med kits), and worked as farmersand industrial workers.

5. Questions • Why did the Canadian government stop Britain from breaking up their forces? • They resisted breaking up CEF troops because they wanted Canadians to stick together as a distinctive group even though they were still under British command.

6. Questions • Name 3 important battles and what was significant about each. • Battle of Ypres 1915  First use of Chlorine gas, Canadians urinated on rags in order to keep fighting • Battle of Somme 1916  Trench warfare was predominantly used • Battle of Vimy Ridge 1917  Canadians took the ridge that no one could using the “creeping barrage” tactic

7. Definitions • Total War • a war that involves an entire society, in which civilians are considered fair targets • Nationalism • a sense of national consciousness that fosters loyalty to one’s country

8. definitions • Western Front • The zone of fighting in WWI in which the Germans fought its enemy armies in the west • Watershed • A point in time that marks an important, often historical change or event

9. Chapter 4 Part 2 Questions Pages 51-56

10. Questions • What are subversives? What happened to subversives in accordance with the War Measures Act? • Subversives are people considered to be enemies of the state. They were suspected of intending to overthrow the government. • They were forced into internment camps across the country and forced to work without pay.

11. questions • What was the “White Man’s War”? What did it mean for women? Aboriginals? African Canadians? • This was a war where only white men were allowed the fight. • Women  “Too weak and fragile” , worked as nurses and ambulance driver • Aboriginals  Denied entry into the CEF until 1915, dispersed among British ranks as relief soldiers • African Canadians  they were permitted to work in a construction battalion, they did not see combat

12. questions • What is conscription? Why did Canadians resist it? • It is the compulsory enlistment of people into the military. • People resisted because they were being forced to join the military

13. Questions • What was the impact of the Military Voter’s Act and the Wartime Elections Act? Was PM Borden’s plan successful in the 1917 election? • Military Voter’s Act allowed for serving men and women to vote while also denying the vote to conscientious objectors. • The Wartime Elections Act allowed widows, wives, mothers, and adult sisters and daughters of servicemen to vote. • These acts helped PM Borden to be re-elected in 1917.

14. Questions • What social changes took place during and after WWI? • WWI kick started a large economic boom that led to the expansion of markets and trade. • Canada was becoming an industrialized nation. • Women became the work force when the men went to war. • By the end of the war, most women could vote

15. Questions • What did the 1931 Status of Westminster grant Canada? • Formalized Canada’s independence from Britain. • The British Empire no longer held colonial control over Canada.

16. Definitions • Internment Camps • Armed camps in which people suspected of being the enemy are forcibly held • Conscientious Objectors • A person whose beliefs prohibit him or her from participating in war combat • Women’s Suffrage • The political right of women to vote