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e + e - Linear Colliders. X-Ray SASE FEL . Flat Beam Production.
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e+e- Linear Colliders X-Ray SASE FEL
Flat Beam Production In 1998 Y. Derbenev invented a linear optics device for transforming a beam with high ratio of horizontal to vertical emittance (flat beam) to one with a vortex motion (rigid rotor). After injecting such a beam into a matched solenoid this vortex motion can be canceled to create a magnetized beam with equal emittances in the transverse degrees of freedom (round beam) (UM-HE-98-04). In 1999 R. Brinkmann, K. Flottmann and Y. Derbenev proposed to reverse the process: obtain a flat beam from a round beam produced from a cathode in a magnetic field: A Flat Beam Source for Linear Colliders (TESLA-99-09) In 2000 H. Edwards and the A0 collaboration have seen the first flat beam from a photo-injector.
Clockwise rotation Identity matrix in x 90o phase advance in y D1 D2 Q3 Q1 Q2 By choosing b=1/k, particles end up with equal displacement and angles in x and y This is a flat beam 45o inclined. D. Edwards
Flat Electron Beam Production from A0 Photo-injector Round beam image on fluorescent screen Flat beam image on fluorescent screen Flat beam measurements Fermilab/NICADD Photoinjector Laboratory (FNPL): Demonstrated large emittance ratio (50:1) with small emittance 0.9 mm-mrad @ 1 nC Beam image through slits for emittance measurement