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A muscle must depend on other muscles to assist in a desired movement. For this reason muscles are called prime movers,

A muscle must depend on other muscles to assist in a desired movement. For this reason muscles are called prime movers, antagonists and synergysts. Primer Movers Muscles that actively produce a movement. Antagonist Muscles that are in opposition to the prime movers.

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A muscle must depend on other muscles to assist in a desired movement. For this reason muscles are called prime movers,

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  1. A muscle must depend on other muscles to assist in a desired movement. For this reason muscles are called prime movers, antagonists and synergysts.

  2. Primer MoversMuscles that actively produce a movement

  3. AntagonistMuscles that are in opposition to the prime movers

  4. SynergistMuscles that contract simultaneously with the prime mover to help execute a movement or steady a part

  5. The names of muscles are based on six points of identification* named for their action* named for their origin and insertion* named for their location* named for their shape or use* named for the direction of their fibers* named according to the number of their sections

  6. Adjectives

  7. Azygous : not paired

  8. Bi, Tri, Quadri : two, three, four

  9. Externus : external or outer

  10. Gracilis : slender

  11. Latissimus : wide

  12. Longissimus, longus : long

  13. Medius : intermediate

  14. Orbicularis : surrounding

  15. Quadratus : square

  16. Rectus : straight

  17. Rhomboideus : diamond shaped

  18. Scalenus : unequally three sided

  19. Serratus : sawtoothed

  20. Teres : round or cylindrical

  21. Transversus : crosswise

  22. Vastus : great

  23. Facial musclesThere are many facial muscles that produce a variety of movement.

  24. Orbicularis oculi

  25. masseter

  26. Muscles of the neck, back and thorax.These muscles assist in rotation of the head, flexion and extention of the head on the neck, breathing and attachment of the forelimbs to the body

  27. Serratus muscle group

  28. Pectoral muscle group

  29. Latissimus dorsibroadest muscle in the back, supports forelimb and flexes shoulders

  30. The important muscles of the dorsum include the epaxial group:iliocostalislongissimustransversosspinalis

  31. These muscles extend the vertebral column and produce lateral movement of the trunk

  32. Transversospinalis

  33. Three important muscles of the thorax are *external intercostals*internal intercostals*diaphragm

  34. During respiration: the external intercostals lift the ribsthe internal intercostals lower the ribsthe diaphragm contracts and flattens out causing the thorax to enlarge and the lungs to expand

  35. Muscles of the forelimbsin addition to the back and upper thorax the muscles of the upper forelimbs contribute to the movement of the distal extremities.Included are triceps brachii and biceps brachii

  36. tricep

  37. Biceps brachii

  38. Abdominal muscles:external obliqueinternal obliquerectus abdoministransversus abdoministhese muscles keep the organs in place, support and compress the abdomen, contract during parturition, defecation, urination and coughing

  39. These muscles also assist in rotating the vertebral column. The linea alba is a fibrous band that runs the length of the center of the abdomen and is the central attachment of the abdominal muscles. This is a very important landmark for any abdominal surgery

  40. Rectus abdominis Transversus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique

  41. Linea alba

  42. Muscles of the hindlimbThese muscles have several functions in movement. The most important muscle groups include*gluteal group*quadricep group*semi group

  43. gluteal Major muscles over pelvis, extends and abducts limb

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