Film History:

1. Film History: Appeal: • Accessibility (eBay) • Old films are hypotexts • Trans-historicity

2. Basic approaches: • Biographical history: directors, starts, photographers • Industrial and economic history: organisation and business • Aesthetic history: form, style and genre • Technological history: materials and machines • Social/cultural/political history: the context • > Combinations and dialectics

3. Basic filmhistorical questions: • How have different ways of using the film medium become common and widespread through the times? Narrative structures and styles with specific uses of mise-en-scene, light, locations, costumes, camera, editing, sound and genres

4. Basic filmhistorical questions: • How have the conditions of the film industry – production, distribution, projections – influenced the use of the medium? E.g.:The studio-system with division of labour, independent filmmakers, delays of technology and ways of projections

5. Basic filmhistorical questions: • How have international tendencies arisen and become dominant in the use of the medium of film in the film market? E.g.: The national and the international The western genre: samurai films, spaghetti western, potato western,Klöse western

6. Periods: • Early film:1880s - 1919 • Late silent period: 1919-1929 • Development of sound: 1926-1945 • The periods after WWII : 1946-1960s • Contemporary film: 1960s – now From Kristin Thompson and David Bordwell, Film History An Introduction

7. Structures: Chronology, what becomes before what?

8. Structures: Chronology, what becomes before what? + Causality: Individuals: methodological individualism (the great man) Groups: methodological collectivism (institutions, movements, schools)

9. Structures : Chronology, what becomes before what? + Causality: Individuals: methodological individualism (the great man) Groups: methodological collectivism (institutions, movements, schools) + Influence (e.g. from one director to another)

10. Structures : Chronology, what becomes before what? + Causality: Individuals: methodological individualism (the great man) Groups: methodological collectivism (institutions, movements, schools) + Influence (e.g. from one director to another) + Tendencies and generalizations: hypotheses that are verified, e.g. the spread of colour film between 1940 and 1960

11. Structures : Chronology, what becomes before what? + Causality: Individuals: methodological individualism (the great man) Groups: methodological collectivism (institutions, movements, schools) + Influence (e.g. from one director to another) + Tendencies and generalizations: hypotheses that are verified, e.g. the spread of colour film between 1940 and 1960 + Periods: internal and external, (overlapping)

12. Structures : Chronology, what becomes before what? + Causality: Individuals: methodological individualism (the great man) Groups: methodological collectivism (institutions, movements, schools) + Influence (e.g. from one director to another) + Tendencies and generalizations: hypotheses that are verified, e.g. the spread of colour film between 1940 and 1960 + Periods: internal and external, (overlapping) + Importance: monuments of film history, based on: Artistic value Influence The typical example

13. Monstrology From Carroll, Noël, The Philosophy of Horror, Routledge, London 1990 • Monsters: • challenge human cognition and mode of thinking • come from outside the human world • are disgusting • Three types of monsters: • Fusion monsters, e.g. a zombie which is fusion of both living and dead • Fission monsters, e.g. a werewolf, which fusion of human and wolf, but separated by time: a wolf by full moon only • Magnification monsters: large and many, e.g. giant ants