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HOMEWORK – Write a pre-lab for tomorrow’s separation of sand and salt lab.

Do Now… Copy the HW & list as many elements as you can think of (without looking at a periodic table). HOMEWORK – Write a pre-lab for tomorrow’s separation of sand and salt lab. ELEMENTS. Element – a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical methods.

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HOMEWORK – Write a pre-lab for tomorrow’s separation of sand and salt lab.

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  1. Do Now…Copy the HW & list as many elements as you can think of (without looking at a periodic table) HOMEWORK – Write a pre-lab for tomorrow’s separation of sand and saltlab.

  2. ELEMENTS Element – a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical methods. • the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties. • examples – gold, neon, copper, astatine, carbon, bromine…

  3. EVERYTHING ON THE PERIODIC TABLE IS AN ELEMENT!!!

  4. COMPOUNDS Compound – a substance composed of a given combination of elements that can be broken down into those elements by chemical methods • ALWAYS contains DIFFERENT elements • examples – magnesium oxide (MgO), water (H2O), sodium chloride (NaCl)…

  5. Breaking Down Compounds Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods, but elements cannot. • Ex: When sugar is heated,it goes through a chemical change.

  6. Breaking Down Compounds • Final products = carbon and water vapor • Can then break down H2O into H2 and O2 using electricity

  7. Properties of Compounds In general, the properties of compounds are quite different from those of their component elements. • chlorine (Cl2)is used to kill harmful organisms in swimming pools. • sodium vapor (Na) produces the light in some street lamps. • sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly called salt, is used to season or preserve food.

  8. Mixtures & Pure Substances How can pure substances and mixtures be distinguished? • A pure substance ALWAYS has the same composition. • Must be an element or a compound. • Ex: water, silver • A mixture has a variable composition. • Must be a mixture of compounds and/or elements. • Ex: air, granite, chicken noodle soup

  9. TYPES OF MIXTURES HOMOGENEOUS • the same throughout • also called a solution • Ex: salt water, brass HETEROGENEOUS • NOT the same throughout • different properties in different parts of the same mixture • Ex: sand & water, granite

  10. REVIEW OF 3-4(Mixtures & Pure Substances) • Is milk a mixture or pure substance? • What do you think about chocolate milk? Homogeneous mixture. It’s a mixture of water, sugar, fats and proteins that is usually the same composition throughout. Heterogeneous mixture. It’s a mixture of water, sugar, fats, proteins & cocoa that usually has a lot more chocolate on the bottom of the glass than at the top… YUMMY 

  11. REVIEW OF 3-3(Elements & Compounds) • Passing an electric current through a certain substance produces oxygen and sulfur. This substance cannot be a(n) • compound. • mixture. • element. • solution

  12. REVIEW OF 3-3(Elements & Compounds) • Which of the following is a mixture? • sodium chloride • carbon dioxide • sucrose • air

  13. REVIEW OF 3-2(Chemical vs. Physical Change) • TRUE or FALSE: Heating water, causing it to boil is a chemical change. FALSE…Liquid water becomes gaseous water when it boils, but it’s still H2O! (this is a physical change) Chemical changes occur when different substances are produced.

  14. REVIEW OF 3-2(Chemical vs. Physical Change) • A substance’s ability to change into different substances is called a: • physical property • physical change • chemical property • chemical change

  15. REVIEW OF 3-2(Chemical vs. Physical Change) • Classify the following as chemical or physical changes: • gold melting • natural gas burning • crushing an aluminum can • leaves turning colors in the fall PHYSICAL CHEMICAL PHYSICAL CHEMICAL

  16. REVIEW OF 3-1(States of Matter) • Which of the following states of matter takes the shape of its container and has a fixed or definite volume? • solid • liquid • gas • plasma

  17. REVIEW OF 3-1(states of matter) • Rank the three most commonly cited states of matter from highest to lowest energy: • solid, liquid, gas • liquid, gas, solid • solid, gas, liquid • gas, liquid, solid

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