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10/25 A & 10/28 B. p. 20 Learning Goals. LG 4: Analyze how the Neolithic Revolution changed settlement patterns, created new functional regions and changed the nature of social interactions. Unit 2: Human Geographic Processes—Change over Time. ESPN of Geography:
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p. 20 Learning Goals • LG 4: Analyze how the Neolithic Revolution changed settlement patterns, created new functional regions and changed the nature of social interactions.
Unit 2: Human Geographic Processes—Change over Time ESPN of Geography: Economic: $, activities, goods, services, trade Social: culture, population patterns, social classes, role of women Political: government, city-state eNvironment: physical geography, resources
NEW ECONOMIC $$ TERMS • LEVELS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: • PRIMARY: get the resource • hunting and fishing • farming and livestock raising • mining & lumbering • “Get the potato.”
Neolithic Revolution: Economic Changes • ~ 10, 000 BCE (=BC) • shift from hunting & gathering to agriculture • primary activity
Neolithic Revolution: Political Changes • ~3100 BCE-1500 BCE Rise of Civilizations (city-states led by kings) • Each emerged independently; no cultural diffusion • Sumeria (Mesopotamia) • Egypt • Indus River Valley • China
Neolithic Revolution: Social Changes (Patterns of Settlement) • permanent settlements—near • fresh water (river valleys) • fertile soil • favorable climate • transportation routes
Neolithic Revolution: Social Change (Women, Social Classes & Technology) • Roles of Women • women’s status declined • men took lead roles in society • Emergence of social classes • New Technologies • plough & sail • writing & calendars • metal tools & weapons
Neolithic Revolution: Economic Changes (Functional Regions) • created functional regions • Urban-Rural Network • capital city = religious, political, and economic hub of the city-state • Urban dwellers depended upon rural farmers to feed the region.