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The Holocaust

The Holocaust . Definitions . Holocaust A period of years when the Nazis organized and carried out the murder of 6 million Jews, as well as millions of other innocent victims, such as Jehovah’s witnesses , and Gypsies. Genocide

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The Holocaust

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  1. The Holocaust

  2. Definitions Holocaust • A period of years when the Nazis organized and carried out the murder of 6 million Jews, as well as millions of other innocent victims, such as Jehovah’s witnesses, and Gypsies. Genocide • Acts committed with the intent to destroy an ethnic, racial, national or religious group.

  3. What was the Holocaust and why was itunique? • The Holocaust was the persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime. • The term "Holocaust“ means "sacrifice by fire.“ • The Nazis, believed that Germans were "raciallysuperior" and that the Jews, were a threat to the German racial community.

  4. HerschelGrynszpan • 17-year old Polish Jew living in France • He became angry with his inability to help his family, so he marched into the German Embassy in Paris on November 7, 1938 and shot a Nazi Official. He died two days later. Can you imagine what happened NEXT….

  5. “Night of Broken Glass” • After the shooting, the Nazi’s made it their job to avenge his death. • The night of November 9, 1938, came to be known as Kristallnacht– Night of Broken Glass. • This night the Nazis looted and then destroyed thousands of Jewish homes and businesses in every part of the country. • They set fire to 191 synagogues, killed over 90 Jews, and sent 30,000 others to concentration camps.

  6. Repercussions • Two days later, the government fined the Jewish community one billion marks for “property damaged In the rioting.” • This event marked a point of crisis for the Jews living in German-occupied Europe. • Kristallnachtmarked the beginning of government sanctioned physical violence against the Jewish population different from prior discriminatory acts.

  7. The Beginning of the end.. • Between 1933 and 1938, the Nazis implemented laws that weakened the power of the German-Jewish community. • Jews lost civil service jobs and Jewish youth suffered humiliation in school. • German Jews watched as their friends and relatives left the country.

  8. The Six stages that Led to the Holocaust

  9. Stage 1-Jews are defined as the “other” through legalized discrimination. • Through racism, the Nazis categorized people into fixed categories. • The Nuremburg Laws defined who was a Jew and who was not a Jew. • Through propaganda- they portrayed the differences between Germans and Jews, and the inferiority of Jews.

  10. Stage 2-Isolation- once individuals are labeled as Jews, they are separated from mainstream society • Jews were not allowed to attend German schools or universities. • Many people stopped being friends with Jews as they were not allowed to socialize. • Jews were excluded from civil service and Jewish businesses were taken over by Germans.

  11. These storm troopers are outside Israel’s Department Store in Berlin. The signs read: "Germans! Defend yourselves! Don't buy from Jews." The store was ransacked during Kristallnacht in 1938, then handed over to a non-Jewish family. A motorcyclist on a village outskirts takes in a sign proclaiming “Jews are not welcomed here,” circa 1935.

  12. Stage 3- EmigrationJews are encouraged to leave Germany. With the beginning of World War II in 1939, the Nazis applied their racial laws to the countries they invade and occupy. • Through discriminatory laws; many educators left Germany due to the lack of jobs. • New Immigrations Laws allowed Jews to obtain visas, and leave, but they had to leave behind all valuables. • Kristallnacht encouraged many Jews to leave the area.

  13. Stage 4-Ghettos Jews are forcibly removed to segregated sections of Eastern European cities called ghettos • Ghettos were walled off areas where Jews were forced to live. They were not allowed to leave without the permission from a Nazi official. • Conditions were crowded and filthy. There were few jobs in the ghettos and since everyone had to give up their property and valuables, most of the residents were very poor. Food was scarce. Forced, unpaid labor was common.

  14. Stage 5 Deportation Jews are transported from ghettos to concentration camps to death camps • The Nazis first built concentration camps in 1933 as a place to detain those opposing the Nazi Platform. • As WWII began, more were created to detain ‘enemies of the state’ including Jews, Gypsies, and Jehovah’s Witnesses. • Many concentration camps served as Labor Camps where inmates worked until they either starved to death or died of disease.

  15. Stage 5 Continued • Because these camps were located away from major cities, victims had to be transported to them via train. Some rides lasted for several days leading to many deaths en route to the camps.

  16. Stage 6-Mass Murder • It is estimated that the Nazis murdered approximately 11 million innocent civilians during WWII. • People died mostly through shooting, suffocation in gas chambers, and imprisonment in labor and death camps. • 2/3 of the entire Jewish population was killed by the Nazis.

  17. Auschwitz

  18. Gas Chamber

  19. “The Failure To Help” SUMMARIZING QUESTION • Could something like this happen again? Explain. Why or why not?

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