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Herbal Supplements

Herbal Supplements. Important Facts. Use of plant derived products to promote health and relieve symptoms of disease Form of alternative medicine Can be sold without a prescription, as long as labeled “dietary supplements” Regulated under Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994

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Herbal Supplements

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  1. Herbal Supplements

  2. Important Facts • Use of plant derived products to promote health and relieve symptoms of disease • Form of alternative medicine • Can be sold without a prescription, as long as labeled “dietary supplements” • Regulated under Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 • Can be manufactured and marketed without giving FDA any proof they are safe or effective

  3. Package Labeling • Must not claim that product can be used to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease • Allowed to make claims about the product’s ability to favorably influence body structure or function • No assurance that product actually contains ingredients listed, or in stated amounts • May contain ingredients not listed, or may lack ingredients that are listed

  4. Adverse Effects • Product presumed safe, until proven hazardous • Burden for proving danger lies with FDA, not the manufacturer

  5. Impurities and Variability • No regulation on manufacturing of herbal products • Impurities common • Uniformity among herbal products generally lacking • Dosage not standardized • The word natural is not synonymous with safe

  6. Black Cohosh • Popular treatment for acute symptoms of menopause, including hot flashes, vaginal dryness, palpitations, depression, irritability, and sleep disturbance • May potentiate: • Hypotensive effects of antihypertensives • Hypoglycemic effects of insulin and oral hypoglycemics • Effects of estrogens

  7. Echinacea • Oral • Stimulate immune function • Suppress inflammation • Treat viral infections • Topical • Treat wounds, burns, eczema, psoriasis and herpes simplex • Long term use can oppose effects of immunosuppressant drugs • Belongs to daisy family of plants (ragweed, asters, chamomile, and chrysanthemums); people allergic to any of these are at increased risk of reaction

  8. Feverfew • Prophylaxis and treatment of migraine • Relieve fever • Stimulate menstruation • Reduce upset stomach • Suppress inflammation • Topically to treat infection and relieve toothache • Belongs to same plant family as echinacea • Can suppress platelet aggregation

  9. Garlic • Used primarily for effects on cardiovascular system • Lower cholesterol • Reduce blood pressure • Significant antiplatelet effects • Can increase insulin levels

  10. Ginger Root • To suppress nausea and vomiting • Improve appetite • Reduce flatulence • Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties • Can suppress platelet aggregation

  11. Ginkgo Biloba • Improve memory, sharpen concentration and promote clear thinking • Treatment of dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, headache and mood changes • Counteract erectile dysfunction induced by antidepressants • Suppresses coagulation

  12. Goldenseal • Treat bacterial, fungal and protozoal infections of mucous membranes • Treat inflammation of gallbladder • Correct metabolic sequelae of liver cirrhosis • Treatment for skin and eye irritations • Can stimulate uterus

  13. Kava • Relieve anxiety • Promote sleep • Relax muscles • Can intensify effects of other CNS depressants

  14. Ma Huang • Identical to that of pharmaceutical ephedrine • Reduce appetite and increase energy • Relieve bronchospasm • Suppress symptoms of allergies, influenza and colds • (Ephedra) - *potentially dangerous product • Can interact with wide variety of drugs

  15. Valerian • Used to promote sleep and reduce restlessness • No data on possible interactions with other CNS depressants or with any other drugs that affect CNS function

  16. St. John’s Wort • Used to relieve depression • Can cause severe photosensitivity reactions • Can decrease therapeutic effects of many drugs

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