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ECE 471 / 571 – Energy-Efficient VLSI Design. Dr. Patrick Chiang TAs: Neil Glover; Li Hao Winter 2014 Tues/Thurs 12PM-2PM Slides: Courtesy Prof. Nikolic ( Berkeley), EECS 151, Spring 2006. Class Logistics. NOTE: Turn in Exam-2 and Final-Project together OH: TBD
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ECE 471 / 571 – Energy-Efficient VLSI Design Dr. Patrick Chiang TAs: Neil Glover; Li Hao Winter 2014 Tues/Thurs 12PM-2PM Slides: Courtesy Prof. Nikolic (Berkeley),EECS 151, Spring 2006
Class Logistics • NOTE: Turn in Exam-2 and Final-Project together • OH: TBD • Lab Hours: Fri., Li Hao, Neil Glover • Class is VERY lab intensive • HSPICE, unix, CAD • EXTRA GRADUATE STUDENT PROJECT • Come see me
Two ‘Project’ paths • (1) Easy ‘Project’ course (recommended): • Advantages: • Easy project: sub-threshold 4b multiplier • Tool flow is easier (fictitious 0.25um process) • Cons: • Won’t be able to build a real chip at the end • May not understand the complexity of chip design • (2) Hard ‘Project’ course: • Only the MOST aggressive undergraduates should attempt; • Graduate students are REQUIRED for this. • 65nm-CMOS; • Advantages: • Real design block
Three main issues in technology: POWER and ENERGY-EFFICIENCY VARIABILITY PERFORMANCE through PARALLELISM Big Picture
Original Moore’s Law paper • ftp://download.intel.com/research/silicon/moorespaper.pdf • “Cramming more components onto integrated circuits” • “Heat problem: Will it be possible to remove the heat generated by tens of thousands of components in a single silicon chip?”
Moore’s Law 670x complexity increase in ~ 10 years 2012 Intel-16nm 5M Gates/mm2
More transistors than you have power Gap widening > 100x ‘DARK SILICON’ [2]
Not enough power available Source: Bill Dally, 2011
Need more off-chip bandwidth • nVidia Fermi (2010) Aggregate Microprocessor I/O Bandwidth* GDDR5: 200GB/s • IBM Power-7 (2009) DDR3: 100GB/s Local Links: ~20GB/s *F. O’Mahoney et al, “The Future of Electrical I/O for Microprocessors," VLSI-DAT, 2009.
Cellphones bought in 2013 (growth in 2013) • Desktops/laptops bought 2013 (growth in 2013)