Kneib 1997 – Trophic Relay Hypothesis Regional water level differences

1. Kneib 1997 – Trophic Relay Hypothesis Regional water level differences

2. Kneib 1997 – scale-dependent movement of nekton in estuaries

3. Kneib 1997 – Trophic Relay Hypothesis

4. Hollingsworth & Connolly 2006

5. Hollingsworth & Connolly 2006 Frequency of prey items consumed by fish for different flooding treatments Fifteen total prey taxa

6. Hollingsworth & Connolly 2006 SFI differed among treatments w/ values in After (M) > than Before or After (NM)

7. Hollingsworth & Connolly 2006 Comparing SFI before and after non-spring high tides that did not inundate the marsh to test whether the higher SFI After (M) might be due to feeding at high tide SFI similar before and after high tide for both pre and post August spring high Tides - ND

8. Hollingsworth & Connolly 2006 Fish in the Before & After (M) treatments had a wider range of taxa than in the After (NM) treatment Crab zoea dominated the diet in After (M) treatment and found in 87% of fish

9. Hollingsworth & Connolly 2006 Similar pattern among nights sampled in the After (M) treatment, with night 1 abundances always being lower than nights 2 & 3 Night 1 sampling was always the first night after marsh inundation, suggesting crabs spawned after flooding occurred

10. Summary of Hollingsworth & Connolly 2006 • Fish stomachs were empty or near-empty before they visited the marsh and much • fuller afterwards; • 2) Fish caught within the estuary well away from marsh, during same time as marsh • inundated, had empty or near-empty stomachs; • 3) On smaller, non-spring tides when marsh not flooded, there was no difference in SFI • between before or after high tide; • 4) The diet of fish having access to flooded marsh was different than those not accessing • flooded marsh • 5) The feeding on crab zoea on inundated marsh links high intertidal habitat with the • Estuary as crabs zoea become available each spring tide only on the night after the • marsh is inundated