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Standards & Accessibility

Standards & Accessibility. 20.02.2007 DMFD. Comments. Homepage Requirement: include photo in index.html (today’s assignment) Search engines HTML validating extension for Firefox Notepad++. Goals of the lecture. Learn about the standards in the web and the W3C

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Standards & Accessibility

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  1. Standards & Accessibility 20.02.2007 DMFD

  2. Comments • Homepage • Requirement: include photo in index.html (today’s assignment) • Search engines • HTML validating extension for Firefox • Notepad++

  3. Goals of the lecture • Learn about the standards in the web and the W3C • Learn how to improve the accessibility of our website

  4. Index • Web standards • Accessibility

  5. Web standards • Called “Recommendations” • Set of guidelines to be used in the web • HTML, XHTML, CSS…

  6. Who publishes Recommendations • W3C = World Wide Web Consortium • Co-founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee • Mission: • To lead the World Wide Web to its full potential by developing protocols and guidelines that ensure long-term growth for the Web • Companies: HP, Boeing, Oracle, Sun, Nokia, Microsoft, Apple, Adobe, MIT…

  7. Why should we use standards • Accessibility is improved • Display of content is optimized for every device • Websites are easier to maintain • Easier to introduce changes • Cost is reduced

  8. Why should we use standards II • Maximize compatibility with future browsers • No need to design different versions for different browsers • Reduced size • Search engines optimization

  9. HTML Recommendations • HTML 4.01 • Strict • Transitional • Frames

  10. XHTML Recommendations • XHTML 1.0 • Strict • Transitional • Frames • XHTML 1.1 • Strict • XHTML 2.0

  11. Acid2 test • Acid2 browser test • Checks if the browser is compliant with the most common web standards • Opera • Firefox 3.0 • Safari/Konqueror

  12. Index • Web standards • Accessibility

  13. Accessibility • “The power of the Web is in its universality. Access by everyone regardless of disability is an essential aspect.” – Tim Berners-Lee

  14. Why • The web is a very important resource: • Information • Education • Government • Commerce • Provide equal access and equal opportunities to everybody

  15. W3C • Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) • Strategies, guidelines, and resources to help make the Web accessible to people with disabilities • Accessibility techniques should be planned from the beginning

  16. Three components • ATAG • Authoring Tools Accessibility Guidelines • Tools used to create web content • WCAG • Web Content Accessibility Guidelines • UAAG • User Agent Accessibility Guidelines • Web browsers, media players…

  17. WCAG • How to make web content accessible by people with disabilities • 14 guidelines • Each guideline has checkpoints • Each checkpoint is assigned a priority • Guidelines • Sorted by priorities

  18. 8 quick tips • 1. Page organization: XHTML provides structure, CSS provides presentation • 2. Images: use the alt attribute (required in XHTML 1.0) • 3. Graphs and charts: use longdesc attribute to explain the contents • 4. Use contrasted colours (BBC)

  19. 8 quick tips (cont’d) • 5. Hypertext links: use text that has a meaning (avoid “click here”) • 6. Scripts and plug-ins: information should be accessible when they are disabled • 7. Frames: use the noframes element (or avoid frames at all ;) • 8. Validate your code

  20. Demo using JAWS

  21. Coffee!!

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