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Unit Conversions “Using Dimensional Analysis”

Unit Conversions “Using Dimensional Analysis”. We call this the “Picket Fence” method to convert units (the book calls it the Factor-Label method to convert from one unit to another. (pg. 130-134 in text) Units are our friends, really!. “Picket Fence”. Is a method to convert units.

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Unit Conversions “Using Dimensional Analysis”

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  1. Unit Conversions“Using Dimensional Analysis” We call this the “Picket Fence” methodto convert units (the book calls it the Factor-Label method to convert from one unit to another. (pg. 130-134 in text) Units are our friends, really!

  2. “Picket Fence” Is a method to convert units. Examples include: Feet Inches Kilometers  Meters Kilograms  Grams

  3. Units are constantly needing to be converted throughout chemistry. Stoichiometry (the relationship between quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction) problems depend on it. Why is Dimensional Analysis Important

  4. Principle Behind Dimensional Analysis • You can multiply anything by 1 without changing the physical meaning.

  5. How Do We Multiply By 1 If the same thing is on the top and the bottom of a fraction,  = 1  Then they cancel out… and become 1

  6. All Equalities = 1 Any time you put two things that are equal to each other 1000g = 1kg On top and on bottom 1000 g --------- = 1 1 kg Then they cancel out… and become 1.

  7. All Equalities = 1 It doesn’t matter which is on top and which is on bottom. 1000 g 1 kg --------- = 1 or --------- = 1 1 kg 1000 g Both cancel out… and become 1.

  8. 1 km = 1000 m (A metric equality) Any equality can be written two ways (conversion factors) 1000 m=1 km= 1 1 km 1000 m Which one to use? Depends on which direction you are trying to go.

  9. The Rules • Write down “given” + unit • Draw a horizontal & vertical line “picket fence” • Write “wanted” / “given” on the fence • Enter proper #s for “wanted units & “given” units • Cancel units & do the math

  10. For example: Convert 25 km to meters Use the conversion factor that allows units to cancel. 1000 mor 1 km 1 km 1000 m “given” unit = “want” unit picket fence

  11. For example: Convert 25 km to meters (m) Use the conversion factor that allows units to cancel. 1000 m 1 km 25 km 1000 m= 25000 m (or 2.5 x 104 m) 1 km Just a little Scientific notation picket fence “given” conversion ‘want’ factor

  12. Example: Convert 12.5 g to kg (1) 12.5 g 1 kg = 0.0125 kg 1000g (4) (3) (2) (5) Don’t forget the units

  13. See what happens without UNITS?!?!?

  14. Try: 18.2 km to m

  15. Try: How many centimeters are there in 5.54 inches?

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