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Tropical Diseases

Tropical Diseases. November 7, 2012 By Mark Goerlitz-Jessen and Paul McAllister. Tropical Diseases. Diseases more prevalent in tropical regions WHO defines these as diseases that thrive in hot, humid conditions Majority come of parasites transmitted by insects. Malaria.

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Tropical Diseases

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  1. Tropical Diseases November 7, 2012 By Mark Goerlitz-Jessen and Paul McAllister

  2. Tropical Diseases • Diseases more prevalent in tropical regions • WHO defines these as diseases that thrive in hot, humid conditions • Majority come of parasites transmitted by insects

  3. Malaria • Transmission: protozoans carried by Anopheles Mosquitos • Symptoms: fever, headache, chills, bloody stools, coma • Treatments/Prevention: Chloroquine medication or combinations of other medications. Mosquito eradication is the main means of prevention Image from http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2011/oct/18/malaria-vaccine-save-millions-lives

  4. Treatments:MeglumineantimoniateSodium stibogluconateAmphotericin BKetaconazole Leishmaniasis • Transmission: Protozoan parasites from Sandfly • Symptoms: Cough, difficulty breathing, ulcers/sores, fever, diarrhea, night sweats, weight loss etc.

  5. Dengue Fever • Sometimes referred to as “break bone fever” due to symptoms • Transmission: Virus borne by mosquitos • Symptoms: fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, swollen lymph nodes, vomiting • Treatment/Prevention: fluids to avoid dehydration, tylenol can be used for fevers. Prevention by mosquito eradication Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengue_fever

  6. Elephantitis Transmission: Parasitic worms from mosquitoes, lodge in lymphatics Symptoms: Thickening of skin and tissues (especially extremities and genitals) Treatment: Ivermectin, albendazole, doxycycline

  7. African Trypanosomiasis • Also known as “African Sleeping Sickness” • Transmission: trypanosomabrucei carried by Tsetse flies • Symptoms: anxiety, drowsiness during the day, insomnia at night, fever headache • Treatment/Prevention: Medications: Eflornithine, Melarsoprol, Pentamidine, Suramin. Preventative drugs can also be used. Once again, insect eradication. Image from http://www.stanford.edu/class/humbio103/ParaSites2001/trypanosomiasis/trypano.htm

  8. Chagas Disease Transmission: TrypanosomaCruzi via insects Symptoms: Fever, feel “ill”, palpitations, constipation, GI irritation, abdominal pain, heart failure Treatment: Benznidazoleand Nifurtimox

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