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Physical Layer

Physical Layer. Computer Networks. Where are we?. Numbering Systems. Binary Hexadecimal Decimal. Transmission of Information. From Physics Energy Electromagnetic wave propogation From Mathematics Coding Theory. Analog and Digital Signaling. Amplitude Modulation. Frequency Modulation.

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Physical Layer

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  1. Physical Layer Computer Networks

  2. Where are we?

  3. Numbering Systems • Binary • Hexadecimal • Decimal

  4. Transmission of Information • From Physics • Energy • Electromagnetic wave propogation • From Mathematics • Coding Theory

  5. Analog and Digital Signaling

  6. Amplitude Modulation

  7. Frequency Modulation

  8. Baseband and Broadband

  9. Phase Modulation

  10. Modems

  11. Digital Encoding

  12. CSU/DSU

  13. Undesirable Effects and Limitations • Propagation Delay • Bandwidth • Noise • Interference • Distortion • Attenuation

  14. Sampling and Nyquist’s Theorem

  15. Shannon’s Limit • Corrects for SNR • Encoding more bits per cycle time helps, but you cannot overcome the fundamental physical limits of a real transmission system.

  16. Timing • Asynchronous • bit level • Synchronous • character level • Isochronous • timing coordination must be successful

  17. Transmission Media

  18. Connectors

  19. Media Test and Measurement • Hands-on Demo

  20. Repeaters • Signal Regeneration • Clean up • Amplifly • Distance Extension

  21. Hubs • Repeater functionality, plus... • Concentration Point • Signal Distribution Device • Management Functions

  22. Electrical Property Determined by physics Throughput versus Bandwidth • Usable capacity • Determined by engineering

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