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Lipstick Jehad – Azadeh Moaveni. Kimberley Brown, PhD. Portland State University. Iran. http:// www.lib.utexas.edu /maps/ atlas_middle_east / iran.jpg. Azadeh Moaveni. the Islamic Republic of Iran. Formed in 1979 Partner in ASEAN
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Lipstick Jehad –AzadehMoaveni Kimberley Brown, PhD. Portland State University
Iran • http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/atlas_middle_east/iran.jpg Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
AzadehMoaveni Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
the Islamic Republic of Iran • Formed in 1979 • Partner in ASEAN • GDP= $1.016 trillion (2012 est.) • 2013 oil output= #4 in the world • 2.295 million bbl/day (2009 est.) • Top export partners: Japan, China, Turkey, Italy, and South Korea • Top import partners: Germany, China, UAE Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
General Statistics • 77% literacy rate • More than 18 million Internet users • 4th largest population of bloggers in the world Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
General Demographics • Ethnic groups: • Persian 61%, Azeri 16%, Kurd 10%, Lur 6%, Baloch 2%, Arab 2%, Turkmen and Turkic tribes 2%, other 1% • Languages: • Persian (official) 53%, Azeri Turkic and Turkic dialects 18%, Kurdish 10%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 7%, Luri 6%, Balochi 2%, Arabic 2%, other 2% • Religions: • Muslim (official) 98% (Shia 89%, Sunni 9%), other (includes Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i) 2% • Population: • 79,853,900 (July 2013 est.) • country comparison to the world: 18 Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
Timeline – 1969 on • Timeline: Retrieved on 11/1/13 from http://web.presby.edu/womenworldlit/satrapi/Satrapi.html • 1971-Muhammad Reza Shah celebrates 2,500 years of the empire at Persepolis. • 1975- Economic turmoil begins after Soviet influence and the assist of the U.S. against the soviets. Inflation, Lower oil revenue, and a budget deficit. • 1976- The Shah replaced the Islamic calendar, causing more anti-Islamic revolts. Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
Timeline continued • 1978- The Shah's police is in full force with such instances as killing of hundreds of protestors in Qom, Tabriz and other areas. The Shah institutes martial law. • 1979- The Iranian Monarchy collapses due to the 1979 revolution. The Shah flees Iran. Khomeini returns and the Islamic Revolution begins. Khomeini unified country around constitution. The Islamic Republic was declared on April 1. • 1980- Iraq invades Iran. Iran holds its first Presidential Election. • 1988- Iran and Iraq end war on agreement with UN. Only after a loss of 750,000 Iranians. Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
Timeline continued • 1989- Ayatollah Khomeini dies. Khamenei takes over as supreme leader. • 1993- Ali Akbar Hashemi-Rafsanjani is elected as President. • 1995- US places oil and trade sanctions on Iran accusing them of sponsoring terrorist actions. • 1997-Mohammad Khatami- Ardakani is elected president, promising political and social reforms and an economic revitalization. Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
Timeline continued • 2002- US states that Iran is "an axis of evil" and makes claims they are pursuing weapons of mass destruction. • 2005- Mahmoud Ahmadinejad wins the new Presidential election. He made claims to return to the values of the Revolution of 1979. • 2009- Ahmadinejad wins re-election to President, sparking controversy and protests due to the concern of vote rigging. 30 people are killed and over 1,000 arrested as a result of this. He then releases his vice president under the advice of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
Shifting Identities One Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
Shifting Identities Two Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
References Doostdar, A. 2004. The vulgar spirit of blogging: On language, culture, and power • in Persian weblogestan. American Anthropologist, 106 (4), pp. 651-662. • Education in Iran: Overview. Retrieved on June 15, 2010 fromhttp://www.britishcouncil.org/iran-discover-iran-education-in-iran-education-system.htmEducation System in Iran. Retrieved on June 15, 2010 fromhttp://wwww.iran-embassy-oslo.no/embassy/educat.htm Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
References • Gordon, R. G., Jr. (Ed) 2005. Languages of Iran. In Ethnologue: Languages of the • World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, TX: SIL International Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com/. • Iranian Education Statistics. Retrieved on June 15, 2010 fromhttp://www.nationmaster.com/country/ir-iran/edu-education Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
References Continued • Jazayery, M. 1966. Western influence in contemporary Persian: A general view. • Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 29 (1), pp. 79-96. • Mehran, G. 1999. Lifelong learning: New opportunities for women in a Muslim • country (Iran). Comparative Education, 35 (2), Special Number (21): Lifelong learning and the education of mature adults, pp. 201-215. Sadeghi, A. 2001. Language planning in Iran: A historical review. International • Journal of Sociology of Language 148, 19-30 Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
References Continued • Semati, Mehdi (ed) 2008. Media, Culture and Society in Iran: Living with Globalization • and the Islamic State. New York: Routledge. • Shiranipour, R. 2002. Women’s rights, writing and education in Iran. Changing English (1358-684X), 9 (1), p. 35. • The World Factbook: Iran. Retrieved on May 29, 2008 from https: • www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/ir... Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam
Recommended Readings and other Resources • See Muslim Journeys Annotated Bibliography Handout • Link to the Colbert report: http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/148508/january-28-2008/marjane-satrapi Marjan Satrapi, Iran, and Islam