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Bioinformatics CSM17 Week 10: Summary, Conclusions, The Future.....?

Explore the study of living systems, biological data analysis, molecular analysis, simulations, and evolutionary systems in bioinformatics. Discuss life as an information system and conclude the course with a revision session.

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Bioinformatics CSM17 Week 10: Summary, Conclusions, The Future.....?

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  1. Bioinformatics CSM17 Week 10: Summary, Conclusions, The Future.....? • Bioinformatics is • the study of living systems • with respect to representation, organisation, manipulation, distribution, maintenance and use of information JYC: CSM17

  2. Bioinformatics includes... • computer applications in biology • IT and IS for management & analysis of biological data • e.g. classification/identification systems, databases, development of analysis tools • computational molecular analysis, molecular biology • DNA, RNA, protein amino acid sequences • simulations of biological systems • artificial intelligence, neural networks JYC: CSM17

  3. Week 2: Biological Classification • fundamental concepts • taxon, species, genus • traditional methods • based on ‘expert’ opinion • nomenclature (naming) • type concept, type specimens, descriptions • taxonomy & systematics • cluster analysis / numerical taxonomy JYC: CSM17

  4. Week 3: Biological Identification • a fundamental activity • traditional methods - keys • special problems • variation, availability of data • information content • computer-based methods • DELTA JYC: CSM17

  5. Week 4: Evolutionary systems • evolution and phylogeny • historical systems • modern methods • tools and software • PHYLIP JYC: CSM17

  6. Week 5: DNA and Genetics • genetics, Gregor Mendel and his peas • cell structure • mitochondria • chloroplasts • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) • nucleotide bases • A, C, G, T • transcription (reading the DNA template) • producing messenger RNA (mRNA) • A, C, G and U (replaces T in RNA) JYC: CSM17

  7. Week 6: DNA, RNA and Proteins • translation (mRNA -> protein) • tRNA builds up protein • one amino acid at a time • protein structure • primary (AA sequence) • secondary (e.g. spiral, helix) • tertiary (complex folding) JYC: CSM17

  8. Week 7: Molecular Analysis: • Sequence alignment • for comparison, identification • Multiple sequence alignment • cladistic analysis of molecular sequences JYC: CSM17

  9. Week 8: Simulations #1: • genetic algorithms (GAs) • evolutionary computation • simulate sexual reproduction in populations • using ‘chromosomes’ and crossover JYC: CSM17

  10. Week 9: Simulations #2: • plant morphology • leaves, branching, phyllotaxis • fractals • virtual reality • Lindenmayer systems JYC: CSM17

  11. Week 10: Conclusions and summary: • Is Life an Information System??? • Revision JYC: CSM17

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