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Key terms: Socii navales liburnian bireme trireme quinquereme Praefectus Classis Sub-praefectus

Key terms: Socii navales liburnian bireme trireme quinquereme Praefectus Classis Sub-praefectus Cornicularius Navarch Trierarch Sailors – velarii or nautae Rowers – remiges Marines/artillerymen – milites classiarii. Warships engaging (fresco from Pompeii, 1 st century CE).

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Key terms: Socii navales liburnian bireme trireme quinquereme Praefectus Classis Sub-praefectus

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  1. Key terms: Socii navales liburnian bireme trireme quinquereme Praefectus Classis Sub-praefectus Cornicularius Navarch Trierarch Sailors – velarii or nautae Rowers – remiges Marines/artillerymen – milites classiarii

  2. Warships engaging (fresco from Pompeii, 1st century CE)

  3. Roman trireme from Tunisian mosaic

  4. Rowing in a trireme

  5. Quinquireme rowers

  6. Ships (probably liburnians) on Trajan’s Column

  7. The Athlit ram (2ndcentury BCE)

  8. Corvus

  9. Corvus in action (under ideal circumstances: note the flat sea)

  10. Artillery on warship (Trajan’s Column)

  11. Diekplus - Needs an advantage in speed and skill

  12. Periplus - Back up drawing opposing fleet in

  13. Kyklos • Smaller fleet against larger • To deal with lack of space

  14. Pompey’s war against the Cilician pirates (66 BCE)

  15. Changes under empire (Augustus and later) • Lack of sea-faring enemy army • Continuation of piracy • Need to protect trade routes and grain shipments • Rise of imperial freedmen (slaves?) as officers • Rescue operations (Pompeii) • Other employment of marines (Colosseum)

  16. Imperial fleet locations marked by circles: main fleet centres are Ravenna and MIsenum)

  17. Major grain and timber routes in the empire and the placement of the fleets

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