Impacts of Emission from Power Plants on the Ambient Ozone Concentration in Southern Taiwan

1. Impacts of Emission from Power Plants on the Ambient Ozone Concentration in Southern Taiwan Yee-Lin Wu and Der Ming Tsai Department of Environmental Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan, Taiwan October 28, 2003

3. Annual average concentrations of CO、SO2、NO、O3, PM10 and NMHC in southern Taiwan

4. The fractions of days with PSI>100 each year in southern Taiwan.

5. The monthly mean concentrations of SO2、NO、CO、NO2、O3 and PM10 in southern Taiwan.

7. Emission inventory for PM10、SOx、NOx、VOC and CO in southern Taiwan. The percentage is for the fraction of Taiwan. (TEDS 4.3)unit: ton

8. Purposes of Study • To quantitatively evaluate the impact of Taipower’s plants on the ozone concentrations in the southern Taiwan by using modeling analysis; • Three scenarios in 1999 were used to evaluate the differences in meteorological conditions.

9. Characteristics of the three high ozone concentration episodes

10. Characteristics of stacks in the three power plants to be studied

11. The emissions of NOx and SO2 from Hsinta plant

12. The emissions of NOx and SO2 from Talin plant

13. Emission Inventory-TEDS4.3 • Stationary sources • raw data from TEDS 4.3 • removal of zero values in TEDS 4.3 • using measured data to replace the stack emissions in Giayi county, Tainan county, Kaohsiung city, Kaohsiung county and PingTung county

14. Emission Inventory-TEDS4.3 • Stationary sources(continue) • The VOCs emissions in Tainan county, Kaohsiung city, and Kaohsiung county were replaced by measured data • The greatest 200 SOx and NOx emission sources in TEDS 4.3 were replaced by data for air pollution fee from Taiwan EPA • The emission of Taipower’s three power plants were replaced by Taipower’s CEMS data

15. Emission Inventory-Biogenic sources • Sources of Land-use • 75 kinds of land-use from Bureau of Forestry • 7 kinds of land-use from CTCI

16. Emission Inventory-Biogenic sources • Treatment of biogenic Land-Use information • To do gridding, Bureau of Forestry’s 75 kinds of land-use are used first • CTCI’s data then to be concerned, if Bureau of Forestry’s data is not reach the max. grid area • Totally area used for this study is 30700 square km

17. Input of emission to CCTM for the simulations in 1999 (ton/yr)

18. D2 D3 D4

19. Spatial distributions for the simulated ambient concentrations in layer one. (SO2, NO)

20. Spatial distributions for the simulated ambient concentrations in layer one. (NO2, O3)

21. Simulated concentrations of ozone

22. Time series plot concentrations between simulated and observed results at Fengshan site.

23. Comparison of wind speeds between simulated and observed at Fengshan site.

24. 1999/05-spatial distribution

26. 1999/09-spatial distribution

28. 1999/11-spatial distribution

30. Conclusions 1. The simulated results by models-3 are on the same order as the observed data for SO2, NO, NO2, and NMHC. 2. The simulated and observed O3 concentrations are in good agreement if the wind speeds simulated by MM5 are not significantly overestimated. 3. The effects of emission from power plants on the O3 concentrations are highly dependent on the meteorological conditions. That is, it varied from case to case. 4. Episode with the highest ozone concentration doesn’t have the greatest impacts.

31. Acknowledgements We would like to thank EPRI and Taipower for supporting this study. Thanks also go to Dr. Wu at National Taiwan University for running the meteorological simulation in this study. In compiling the emission data, help from many consulting companies were also greatly appreciated.

32. Future Works 13:20-14:20 19:30-20:30

33. 06:30-08:30 3/27,2003 20:30-23:00 3/25,2003

34. Wind Wind Inversion layer Noon Early Morning city water Subsidence residual layer Evening residual layer Afternoon