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Theory Ai. Exploring the Power of the Upward Spiral in Corporate Performance, Change, and Contribution to Society David L. Cooperrider Case Western Reserve University. An Open Moment… We Are “In It.”. Story With 1000 CEOs at Ground Zero.
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TheoryAi Exploring the Power of the Upward Spiral in Corporate Performance, Change, and Contribution to Society David L. Cooperrider Case Western Reserve University
An Open Moment… We Are “In It.” • Story With 1000 CEOs at Ground Zero. • Creative Spirit/Energy in OD’s Early Days. • Its Time to Re-think - wholeness/connectivity - exciting new research - positive revolution
An Interactive Session With Vivid Stories & Images • Opening “mini” Ai inquiry & Overview • Stories, video clips, illustrations of Ai in action at places like Roadway Express, US Navy, Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, EPA/ORD • Ai in New Research Context: e.g. work at Univ. of Michigan, Case Western Reserve University, University of Virginia.
Opening Inquiry Questions for Discovery—individual reflection first Conversation (pairs)
1. Exploring the affective side of a memorable change initiative… Ralph Waldo Emerson spoke frequently about the magic and power of things like hope, inspiration, joy. He said, for example, “ nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm”—that it spells the difference between mediocrity and accomplishment and that it lights up our own and the lives of those around us. You, as well as everyone here, have been part of many transformational initiatives—in corporations, in communities, etc. Certainly there have been ups and downs, peaks and valleys, high points and low points. As you do a quick scan of moments of in your life or career where you joined with others to create change or innovation, I would like you to reflect on one transformational initiative that stands out as a high point for you in terms of experiences or qualities like inspiration, hope, energy, enthusiasm, joy?
Exploring the High Point Change Initiative in More Depth: • Share the story with your partner: what happened, where, when? • Describe the feelings, and explore: what role did the experiences of inspiration, hope, enthusiasm, or joy play? For you and your leadership? Impact on the relationships, or group? • How were the feelings catalyzed or cultivated? • What was it about you that made the effort emerge as a high point—name the 3 best qualities you bring to change leadership? • What were the corporate or community results?
Starting Ai Interview(dialogue in pairs) • A-->B (5-6 minutes) • B-->A (5-6 minutes) • Spirit of discovery • Brief notes • At the end.. summary & thanks
Exciting Positive Change Research: Patterns Across Disciplines
Positive Emotions BroadenThought-Action Repertoires • Joy…………………………...play, innovate • Interest……………………..expansive, explore • Contentment……………...savor, integrate • Love…………………………..connect, relate
Empirical Support for “Broaden and Build” Theory of Change Three “Revolutionary” Contributions: • Broaden Attention and Thinking(Fredrickson & Branigan, 2002; Waugh & Fredrickson, in prep) • Undo Lingering Negative Emotional Arousal(Fredrickson & Levenson, 1998; Fredrickson, Mancuso, Branigan & Tugade, 2000) • Fuel Resilient Coping, Like Immune System (Fredrickson, Tugade, Waugh & Larkin, 2002; Tugade & Fredrickson, 2002)
Empirical Support Over time, Positive Emotions: • Prevent depression (Fredrickson, Tugade, Waugh, & Larkin, 2002) • Build optimism, and resilience, and elevated relationships of benefit (Fredrickson, Tugade, Waugh, & Larkin, 2002; Haight 2003) • Trigger Upward Spirals to Increase Well-being (Fredrickson & Joiner, 2002; Tugade & Fredrickson, 2002)
What Does All This Mean for Our Work With Organizational Change?
Identify problem Conduct root cause analysis Brainstorm solutionsand analyze Develop action plans/intervention “The signal accomplishment of the industrial age was the notion of continuous improvement. It remains the secular religion of most managers… has reached the point of diminishing returns in incremental improvement programs.” – Gary Hamel Leading The Revolution For Us It Began to Raise New Awareness the Deficit Theory of Change…And How Pervasive. Metaphor: Organizations are problems to be solved
Cultural Consequences of Deficit Discourse • Fragmentation • Few New Images of Possibility • “The Experts Must Know”…Dependence and Hierarchy • Spirals in Deficit Vocabularies • Breakdown Relations/Closed Door Planning • Note: For More see Ken Gergen Realities and Relationships Harvard University Press.
Ai Involves a Shift: Organizations Are Centers of Human Relatedness, Alive With Infinite Capacity, Strength, Possibility “No problem can be solved from the same level of consciousness that created it. We must learn to see the world anew.” “There are only two ways to live your life. One is as though nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle.” – Albert Einstein
New “Life Centric” Questions—Inquiry is Change Be patient … and try to love the questions themselves. Live the questions now. Perhaps you will then gradually, without noticing it, live along some distant day into the answer. – Rainer Maria Rilke
What would you call it?(all these things taken together) • Tacit Wisdom • Core competency • Visions of possibility • Vital traditions • Positive macrotrends • Social capital • Strengths: Business ecosystem e.g. strengths suppliers, partners, customers • Achievements • Strategic opportunities • Technical assets • Innovations • Elevated thoughts • Best practices • Positive emotions • Financial assets
The “Positive Core” Ai systematically and collaboratively creates a knowledge link between the entire enterprise and the life-generating core of past, present, and future capacities…and this ignites change
Appreciative Inquiry “4-D” Cycle Discovery “What gives life?” (The best of what is) Appreciating Destiny “How to empower, learn, and adjust/improvise?” Sustaining Dream “What might be?” (What is the world calling for) Envisioning Results Affirmative Topic Choice Design “What should be--the ideal?” Co-constructing
Two Stories, Real Illustrations • Roadway Express—inquiry into total engagement • United States Navy—leadership at every level. • How Inquiry Itself Intervenes—Notice the energy, the breaking down of barriers, and the power of wholeness to ignite the upward spiral of positive change and results.
Whole Organization Connection to the “Positive Core” • Elevates: positive emotions of hope, inspiration, confidence, joy; raises intelligence; expands the language of life (internal dialogue); increases in appreciative interchange and mutually elevating relationships; higher creativity, better decision making, increased collective capacity. • “Undo” Negative Patterns: letting go, makes irrelevant, finishes the residual of negative past. • Protection in Future: Increaseshealth-ability; resilience; accumulation of power; like an increase in immune system functioning.
What is Unfolding at Roadway Express • Recently Featured in Fast Company. Forbes. • Leaders Developing Leaders at Every Level • Line of Site Innovations: “$ 10 mill metal stick story” • Powerful Learning Partnerships: Alcoa, Boeing, Cisco, Harley-Davidson, US Navy. • Last Quarter’s Results W&I—Top 5 Terminals Leading the Company in $17 million improvement in profit margin—All OE Sites, 3 with Ai Summits
The Surprise of Friendship! • One could say a key task in life is to discover and define our life purpose, and then accomplish it to the best of our ability. • Can you share a story of a moment, or the period of time, where clarity about life purpose emerged for you. For example, a moment where your calling happened, where there was an important awakening or teaching, where there was a special experience or event, or where you received some guiding vision?
Ai Theory of Positive Organizational Change Activation of Energy Extension of Relatedness & Universal CapacityHigh Fusion of Strength ElevationandExtension of Inquiry Lo w Elevating of Inquiry into The Appreciable World Initiating Advancing
We Are Born To Appreciate: Three Facts About All Human Beings • Exceptionality • Essentiality • Equality/Voice and Vision
Website For Sharing AI Tools “Appreciative Inquiry Commons” • http://ai.cwru.edu • Bibliographies, Tools, Articles • For Ai Certificate 216-368-2551 Case Western Reserve University