SFPUC Water Security Initiative Demonstration Pilot Project

1. Welcome to the 2010 West Coast WLA Security SummitSan Francisco, Mayor Gavin NewsomPublic Utilities Commission, General Manager Ed Harrington

3. SFPUC Water Security Initiative Demonstration Pilot Project Rod Miller, Laboratory Director Water Quality Division June 17, 2010

4. SFPUC System Overview CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION; DO NOT CITE, DISTRIBUTE, OR COPY

6. SFPUC Water System CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION; DO NOT CITE, DISTRIBUTE, OR COPY

7. San Francisco Water System • Average Day Demand: 90 MGD • 1200 miles of mains; 900 miles < 12 inches • 23 pressure zones • 10 reservoirs (1 MG up to 177 MG); 6 tanks; 7 hydro-pneumatic stations • 400 MG storage • Water age in storage: a few days to a few weeks

8. WSI Project Overview CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION; DO NOT CITE, DISTRIBUTE, OR COPY

9. If You Fail To Plan, Plan to Fail (Unknown)Be Prepared (The Boy Scouts of America Motto)

10. USEPA Water Security Initiative Background • Initiated per Presidential Directive after 9/11 • Overall approach • Conceptual design goals • Timely detection of and appropriate response to contamination • Mitigate public health and economic consequences • Sustainable for long-term operation • Demonstration pilots • Initial pilot at Greater Cincinnati Water Works • Four additional selected cities • Guidance and outreach

11. Project Scope • Grant project builds on SFPUC existing program • Formally initiated in 2004 • On-line monitoring instruments operational since 2007 • Overall spent >$2M (excluding physical security enhancements) • Includes similar components as grant project • Grant project scope addresses six critical components • On-line water quality monitoring • Sampling and analysis • Enhanced security monitoring • Consumer complaint surveillance • Public health surveillance • Consequence management

12. WSIProgram Sampling and Analysis ComponentReview • Objective • Existing program • Grant Funded Activities • Progress to date • Near term Objectives

13. Laboratory Water Quality Monitoring(sampling & analysis) • Objective Establish capability for rapid target contaminant analysis in routine and triggered monitoring • Existing Program • Lab operates 365 days/yr with 24/7 emergency response • Highly sophisticated instrumentation inventory (e.g., ICP/MS, LC/MS/MS, GC/MS & GC/MS/MS/MS, PCR) • Baseline monitoring since 2006 • Research microbiologist & chemist (PhDs) developing methods

14. Laboratory Water Quality Monitoring (cont.) • Grant Funded Program • Continue development, evaluation, and optimization of experimental methods • Upgrade & enhance existing lab and field instruments • Enhance radiological contamination monitoring • Evaluate and deploy additional field rapid toxicity screening assays & site characterization tools • Progress To Date • Majority of lab instrument upgrades and enhancements completed • New methods were incorporated into an expanded baseline monitoring to 14 sites system wide • Updated and deployed additional EWQSKs • Improved site characterization by expanding field testing capabilities • Initiated baseline biomass monitoring using LuminUltra ATP (measures overall biomass in a water sample)

15. Laboratory Water Quality Monitoring (cont.) • Near-Term Objectives • Fully initiate baseline pathogen monitoring by PCR method • Install gamma spectrometer and gross alpha/beta counting instrumentation • Start preliminary gamma radiation measurement in drinking water; implement gross alpha and beta radiation measurement procedures • Finalize On-line Monitoring QA/QC Program document and formalize the verification program • Expand baseline monitoring and event response with new analytical capabilities (e.g., GC/MS/MS/MS)

16. Baseline Monitoring Program

17. Baseline Monitoring Objectives • Establish capability for rapid contaminant analysis in routine baseline monitoring and triggered event response • Establish occurrence (and background concentration) of likely contaminants in source and distribution system water • Characterize as completely as possible makeup of drinking water (e.g., identify TICs) • Evaluate matrix effects due to blending and source water differences (e.g., groundwater) on method performance • Use baseline monitoring assays in conjunction with day to day regulatory compliance testing data for distribution system assessments

18. Baseline Suite of Methods - Field

19. Baseline Suite of Methods – Lab-Based

20. Status of Methods Method Status SOP Developed Data Reporting Format determined Number of Parameters IDOC Performed Data Reliability Method Developed Instrument Acquired Response & Lab Staff Trained Method 8+ DeltaTox / Eclox/TOC/ Gen. Chem.LuminUltra ATP ICP/MS LC/MS/MS GC/MS/uECD/FPD PCR Gross alpha & beta Gamma spectrometry 1 69+ 53+ 30 + TICs 16 4-7+ 3-5+ In-progress Unexecuted Completed CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION; DO NOT CITE, DISTRIBUTE, OR COPY

21. Identifying Sampling Location 14 Current Baseline Monitoring Locations: • Source water / Water Treatment Plant raw water (Hetch Hetchy, East Bay & Peninsula Watersheds) – 5 sample points • Transmission lines – 5 sample points • City Distribution Division (CDD) reservoirs – 4 sample points • Significant water infrastructure facilities (e.g., pump stations) • Sample taps located at each major On-Line Monitoring Site • Future sampling sites will be based on TEVA-SPOT modeling (hydraulic modeling analysis)

22. Identifying S&A Frequency and Duration • Continuous, ongoing baseline monitoring program (e.g., ICP/MS metals monitoring initiated on 01/22/06; historical database contains between 90,000 to 100,000 data points) • Established a bi-weekly sampling frequency for most methods based on lab capacity • Used to differentiate between variations due to seasonal source water changes, system maintenance, and potential emergency events

23. Data Analysis • Likely contaminant list characterization (i.e., presence/absence, concentration) • Identify average background concentrations and establish confidence intervals for variations from the norm (e.g., 3 sigma control and 2 sigma warning limits) • Use trending analysis to establish seasonal or blending variations • Create upstream/downstream database for use during suspected emergency events

24. Example Trending Analysis

25. Data Storage and Retrieval • All baseline monitoring data, including field testing results, entered into SFPUC Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) database • Historical baseline data is included as laminated data sheets in applicable test kits (e.g., DeltaTox/Eclox) • Future web-based LIMS will facilitate real-time access by field responders/On-call Engineer to baseline monitoring results

26. Issues • Need to identify Risk Based Reporting Limits for all likely contaminant list constituents • In cases where a likely contaminant cannot be determined in-house identify external resources for analysis (e.g., LRN, ERLN, WLA) • Clearly identify and establish utilization plan for additional testing capacity needed during emergency response (e.g., LRN, ERLN, WLA, CAMAL Net)

27. Questions? RMiller@sfwater.org