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A brief account

A brief account of British history, from the Viking invasions in 793 to the Victorian era in the 19th century. Learn about the Romans, Saxons, Normans, Tudors, and more. Discover important events, cultural influences, and changes throughout the centuries.

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A brief account

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  1. A brief account British History

  2. The timeline Vikings (793) prehistoric Saxons (450) Romans (43) Plantagenet(1154) Tudors (1485) Stuart (1603) Normans (1066) Hanover(1714) Victorians (1837)

  3. Prehistoric Britain

  4. the Celtic People (by the eve of Roman invasion)

  5. Roman Britain (43 AD- 410 AD) ※First invasion - Caesar's first raid ※Second invasion - Caesar's second raid ※Third and final invasion

  6. Language The Calendar Laws and a legal system The Census straight roads central heating concrete aqueducts (bridges for water) What did Romans bring with them to Britain?

  7. Roman houses Roman clothes Roman bath in the city of Bath A Strigil

  8. Anglo-Saxon Britain (5th century – 8th century)

  9. Britain is divided up into the Seven Kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex, Essex, Sussex, Kent, and East Anglia. People call these seven kingdoms “ the heptarchy”. • The Jutes settled mainly in Kent. They did not call themselves 'the Jutes', they referred to themselves as 'the Kentings', that is the men living in Kent. • The Angles settled in East Anglia. • The Saxons settled in areas of Essex (East Saxons), Sussex (South Saxons), Middlesex (Middle Saxons), and Wessex (West Saxons).

  10. King Arthur:

  11. The Vikings in Britain (end of 8th century- 11th century) Who were the Vikings? Why did they invade the island? When did they invade the island? (793 AD-1066) Where else did they invade?

  12. Vikings were also known as the Norsemen. They were great travelers and sailed to other parts of Europe, where they traded, raided, and often settled. • They were also farmers, fishermen, trappers and traders. Viking craftsmen made beautiful objects out of wood, metal and bone; Viking women were skilful weavers, produced fine, warm textiles. • Norsemen means 'people from the North' . Many Vikings were great travelers and sailed all over Europe and the Atlantic Ocean in their long ships.

  13. Place Names • We can tell where the Vikings settled by place names of towns and villages today. Some of the names of places in Britain are made up of Viking words. • Place names ending in –by eg. Derby, Rugby, Whitby, Selby, Grimsby–by meant farm or homestead (village). These places mark the earliest Viking settlements. • Derby - A village where deer are found • Place names ending in –thorpe (or -thorp, -throp or –trop) eg. Scunthorpe and Grimethorpe-thorpe meant farms. • Place names ending in –toft or-tofts. A -toft referred to the site of a house or a plot of land. Viking Words • hús = householm = islet; dry place in a marshy areaorme = Serpent or Dragon

  14. The Middle Ages - Medieval Britain (1066-1485) The Middle Ages in Britain cover a huge period. They take us from the shock of the Norman Conquest, which began in 1066, to the devastating Black Death of 1348, the Hundred Years' War with France and the War of the Roses, which finally ended in 1485. The Normans built impressive castles, imposed a feudal system and carried out a census of the country.

  15. The Normans (1066-1135) Under the rule of the Nomans: ※Feudal system in England was completely established. ※A great number of castles were built. ※The Doomsday Book was finished. William the Conqueror the Doomsday Book Tower of London

  16. The Plantagenets (1154-1485)

  17. The Magna Carta (the Great Charter) • The origin of the English Parliament • The Hundred Years’ War(1337-1453) • The Wars of the Roses The Plantagenets (1154-1485) (1)John of England signs Magna Carta. Illustration from Cassell's History of England (1902) (2)Parliament of the UK (3) Joan of Arc (4) Wars of the Roses(1455-1485)

  18. Henry VII Tudor Britain (1485-1603) The Tudors were a Welsh-English family that ruled England and Wales from 1485 to 1603 - one of the most exciting periods of British history. They ruled for 118 years. • Henry VII 1485 - 1509 • Henry VIII 1509 - 1547 • Edward VI 1547 - 1553 • Jane Grey 1553 - 1553 • Mary I 1553 - 1558 • Elizabeth I 1558 - 1603 • Tudor England had two of the strongest monarchs ever to sit on the English throne: Henry VIII and his daughter Elizabeth I. Henry VIII Elizabeth I Mary I Edward VI Lady Jane Grey reigned as Queen for just 9 days. (she was Protestant, daughter of Francis, daughter of Henry VIII.)

  19. Queen Elizabeth I(1558-1603) (1)Religious settlement (2) Sea exploration (3) Triumph over the Spanish Armada (4) England’s Renaissance (5) Shakespeare

  20. Home life How did the Tudors dress? Toilet

  21. Georgian houses

  22. Victorian Britain (1837-1901) The Victorians lived over one hundred and fifty years ago during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 to 1901). Villa for the rich Victorian clothes Terraced houses for the poor

  23. During Queen Victoria’s reign: 1. Britain became the most powerful and richest country in the world, with the largest empire that had ever existed, ruling a quarter of the world's population. 2. Towns and cities got piped water, gas and, by the end of the century, electricity 3. The number of people living in Britain more than doubled from 16 million to 37 million, causing a huge demand for food, clothes and housing. • Factories and machines were built to meet this demand and new towns grew up, changing the landscape and the ways people lived and worked. • Railways, originally built to transport goods, meant people could travel easily around the country for the first time. Railways brought new foods to towns and cities. • Many households had a servant or servants – in 1891, 2 million servants were recorded in the census. • Seaside holidays were 'invented' (became popular). • Police Force 'invented'. • At the beginning of the Victorian period crossing the Atlantic took up to eight weeks. By 1901 it took about a week.

  24. Charles Darwin (1809 -1882) Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England. In 1831 he joined a scientific expedition bound for South America and the Pacific Ocean on a sailing ship called The Beagle (1831 - 36). He noticed how the same species of birds, cut off from centuries on different islands, had developed in quite different ways. This and many other amazing discoveries led him to his theory of 'evolution by natural selection'. Famous Victorians Charles Dickens (1812 - 1870)Dickens was born in Portsmouth, England on 7 February 1812. He spent much of his life in Kent and London. Charles Dickens wrote some of the most popular and widely read novels of the 19th century, from Oliver Twist to A Tale of Two Cities and Great Expectations. Dickens had ten children. He died of a stroke in 1870 and is buried at Westminster Abbey. Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894)Stevenson was born in 1850 and was a Scottish author who wrote Treasure Island and Kidnapped which are two of the most popular children's stories ever written.

  25. The end Thank you!

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