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Selecting S&T Priorities: Russia ’ s Experience

Identification of national S&T priority areas with respect to the promotion of innovation and economic growth: the case of Russia Alexander Sokolov State University – Higher School of Economics. Selecting S&T Priorities: Russia ’ s Experience.

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Selecting S&T Priorities: Russia ’ s Experience

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  1. Identification of national S&T priority areas with respect to the promotion of innovation and economic growth: the case of Russia Alexander Sokolov State University – Higher School of Economics

  2. Selecting S&T Priorities: Russia’s Experience 1996 - Government Commission on Scientific and Technological Policies approved a list of 8 Priority Areas for S&T Development and 70 Critical Technologies of Federal Importance 1999 - this list was submitted to a large-scale examination by more than 1,000 leading Russian experts 2002 - Russian President approved Basic Policies of the Russian Federation in the Sphere of S&T Development, 9 Priority S&T Areas and 52 Critical Technologies

  3. Critical technologies (2002) lack of strictly defined criteria for selecting and formulating priorities actual expansion despite formal reduction too big and sector-specific areas covered: • “Prospecting, extraction, refinement and pipeline transportation of oil and gas” • “Coal mining and procession”et al almost everything is priority

  4. Revision of S&T priorities: objectives • Developing criteria for evaluation of technologies • Analyzing components of existing critical technologies • Identifying areas with the greatest innovation promise • Revised lists of priorities and critical technologies together with recommendations on their use • Evaluating the innovation capacity of critical technologies • Proposal for practical implementation

  5. Revision of S&T priorities: main criteria · capacity for enhancing Russia’s national security, including its technological security ·  contribution to accelerating GDP growth and enhancing competitiveness of Russia’s national economy

  6. Revision of S&T priorities: other criteria Precise and accurate formulation Detailed description of breakthrough technologies Applications in different sectors, generation of new research areas Conditions for fast practical implementation. Amount of investment necessary for industrial application of technologies Probable risks Applicability for implementation in the framework of public programs

  7. Revision of S&T priorities: practical implementation  Availability of technological developments ready for application, their novelty and competitiveness Stage of development (research, technology, patent, samples, business plan, market research, etc.) ·  Potential users among firms in rapidly developing industrial sectors ·  Workforce potential – researchers and skilled labor force in the industrial sectors where application is most likely ·   Availability of the necessary production facilities

  8. Revision of S&T priorities: procedure Proposals from government agencies Expert survey 1 – innovation products Expert panels – critical technologies Expert survey 2 – innovation potential of critical technologies

  9. A revised list of S&T priorities 1.   Information and telecommunications systems 2.   Nanosystems industry and materials 3.   Living systems 4.   Rational nature utilization 5.   Power engineering and energy saving 6.   Safety and terrorism counteraction 7.   Prospective armaments, military and special equipment

  10. Evolution of priorities

  11. S&T Evaluation in Russia: National level Annual report of the Government to the President «Major directions of government policies in the field of science and technology development» Performance based budgeting: strategic goals for the 3-year period, relevant national and sectoral programs, and a complex system of target indicators Evaluation of critical technologies

  12. S&T Evaluation in Russia: Program level Evaluation of the National S&T Program and other S&T-related programs Evaluation of particular priority areas (implementation of program tasks, results achieved, socio-economic impact, target indicators) Evaluation of the budget S&T foundations

  13. S&T Evaluation in Russia: Project level Applications for research projects within S&T programs Evaluation of results achieved: mostly based on independent peer reviews, publication and citation analysis (RFBR)

  14. S&T Evaluation in Russia: Institutional level Evaluation of State Research Centers: monitoring major indicators of SRCs’ activities (budget and non-budget R&D funding, quality of research personnel, fixed assets, R&D output, commercialization of research results, etc.)

  15. S&T evaluation: government initiatives • a complex system of S&T evaluation • harmonized indicators for international comparisons • tailor-made statistical surveys • Russian citation index • information system for evaluation

  16. Building of a complex national evaluation system • Institutions (R&D units, universities, enterprises, SMEs, innovation infrastructure) • Levels: individual scientists, research teams, sectors of economy, regions etc • Stages of innovation cycle: basic research, applied research, technology transfer, innovation activities

  17. Harmonized system of indicators • Integrated indicators • Basic indicators of S&T output • Indicators reflecting impact of S&T on societal development

  18. Integrated indicators • global positioning of national S&T and innovation • S&T specialization • competitiveness • science intensity of sectors of economy • high-tech contribution in GDP and job creation

  19. Basic indicators of S&T and innovation output • S&T output – bibliometrics (publications, citation, S&T specialization indices), inventions, IPR (patenting, patent citation, etc); creation of science-intensive technologies • Technology commercialization; IP utilization • Technology transfer (licenses, TBP, technology specialization index, etc) • Innovation output • Innovation production and services by novelty level, competitiveness, return from innovation, organization, marketing and other types of innovation, impact on production development, share of high-tech in export

  20. Indicators reflecting impact of S&T on societal development • Public awareness and acceptance of S&T role in socio-economic development • Social status of S&T activities • Contribution to education development • Scientific literacy of population • Innovation in households

  21. THANK YOU sokolov@hse.ru

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