The Circulatory System

1. The Circulatory System Mr. Gerlach’s 7th Grade Health Education

2. An Overview of the Circulatory System • Check out how the heart works on the Web!! • How the Heart Works

3. Where the Heart is located

4. Circulatory or Cardiovascular System • Circulatory System – Keeps the body working by delivering oxygen to body cells and removing waste (Co2) from the cells. Delivering Removing

5. Parts of the Circulatory System • The Heart - is divided into FOUR Chambers

6. Arteries start with A takes blood away !! Aorta – Largest blood vessel in the heart Pulmonary Artery – Carries blood containing carbon dioxide from your heart to your lungs Two types of Arteries

7. Three Types of Veins • Veins start with V brings blood back to me • 1. Inferior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body. • 2. Superior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body. • 3. Pulmonary Vein – Carries blood-containing oxygen from your lungs to your heart.

8. The Four Valves of the Heart • Tricuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in the right atrium before it enters the right ventricle. • Bicuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in the left atrium before it enters the left ventricle

9. The Four Valves of the Heart • Right Semi lunar Valve- Lets the right ventricle fill before releasing the blood into the pulmonary artery. • Left Semi lunar Valve – Lets the blood fill in the left ventricle before sending it to the aorta • Septum–Divides the heart in half

10. Three Kinds of Blood Vessels • Arteries – Carries blood away from the heart • Veins – Carries blood back to the heart • Capillaries – Delivers low-oxygen blood to veins (Smallest)

11. Video of the Valves of the Heart • The Valves of the Heart

12. Parts of the Blood • Red Blood Cells –Made in bone marrow; carries oxygen, food, and rids body of CO2 and Waste • White Blood Cells –Help fight disease and infection by destroying bacteria and germs that enter the body. Made in the lymph nodes

13. Parts of the Blood • Platelets –Help blood to clot, to prevent excess bleeding. • Plasma –Water portion of the blood; 55% of blood is plasma

14. Four Types of Blood • Type A: 42% Accepts A and O • Type B: 10% Accepts B and O • Type AB: 3% Accepts AB and O • Type O: 45% Universal Donor • RH Factor = is the + and – of the blood

15. Four Filters of the Blood • Liver • Kidneys • Lymph Nodes – located in the neck 4. Spleen – Cemetery for the red blood cells

16. How Blood Moves Through the Heart

17. How Blood Moves Through the Heart

18. Blood Pressure: (Hypertension) The force or pressure developed by the heart, which acts to pump blood through the circulatory system. Blood Disorders

19. Two Distinct pressures that are measured!! Systolic:A measure of the maximum force or pressure developed in the arteries when the heart contracts Diastolic:A measure of the lowest pressure, which occur in the arteries during cardiac relaxation. Blood Pressure

20. High Blood Pressure:Continuous elevation of blood pressure above the normal range. Ex. 140/90 Blood Pressure

21. Sphygmomanometer:An instrument used to measure blood pressure. Stethoscope: An instrument used to listen to the sounds of the heart, or listen to the flow of blood through the vessels when measuring the blood pressure. Blood Pressure

22. High Blood Pressure Video • Health Animations - High Blood Pressure

23. Arteriosclerosis:Artery walls harden; caused by a diet high in fat and cholesterol. Causes: Smoking Diabetes High Blood Pressure High Cholesterol Overweight Arteriosclerosis

24. Arteriosclerosis • Arteriosclerosis - We will watch how arteriosclerosis builds up on the walls of an artery. - Overview of the Circulatory system. Overview of the Circulatory System

25. Prevention: Reduce the amount of stress in your everyday life Change diet to reduce the amount of sodium, fats and cholesterol. Regular Medical checkups Treatment: Medication Exercise Arteriosclerosis

26. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System • Heart Attack:Stoppage in the flow of blood to the heart. • Prevention: • Reduce Stress • Change Diet to less intake of Sodium (Salt) • Eat less foods high in fat and cholesterol

27. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System • Anemia:Lack of red blood cells or cells that do not carry enough oxygen; may cause weakness and low energy levels. • Prevention: • Eat foods that are rich in Iron • Treatment: Rest

28. Sickle Cell Anemia:Your blood is unable to circulate properly. There is no prevention for sickle-cell anemia since you are born with it. Treatments: Blood Transfusions Medication Normal Blood Cell Sickle Cell Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System

29. Mononucleosis:A viral infection; with symptoms of sore throat, swollen glands and fatigue. Prevention: Avoid human saliva Treatment: Bed Rest Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System

30. Leukemia:Abnormal white blood cells In time they may crowd out normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System

31. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System • Stroke: Happens when a cluster of blood cells blocks blood vessels in the brain. • Stroke Stroke is a “Brain Attack”

32. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System • Prevention: • Don’t Smoke • Drink in moderation (21) • Get cholesterol checked • Exercise 30 minutes daily • Consume a low fat diet • Treatment: • Medication • Rehabilitation

33. Hemophilia: Blood does not clot properly Prevention: No prevention, you are born a hemophiliac Treatment: Transfusions of blood clotting factors. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System

34. Kidney Failure:The inability of kidneys to function, resulting in accumulation of fluid and waste products in the body. Picture is graphic!! Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System