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6.1 Atoms and their interactions. Part 3: Mixtures and solutions. Mixtures and Solutions. Mixture = combination of substances each substance keeps own properties For example, mix sand and salt chemistry-elements, compounds and mixtures
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6.1 Atoms and their interactions Part 3: Mixtures and solutions
Mixtures and Solutions • Mixture = combination of substances each substance keeps own properties • For example, mix sand and salt • chemistry-elements, compounds and mixtures • Solution = mixture where one substance (solute) is dissolved in another substance (solvent) • For example, salt in water
Mixture and Solution Mixture of sand and gravel Solution of sugar dissolved in water
Mixtures and Solutions • More solute = greater concentration • Concentration is important organisms need a certain range for homeostasis For example, pancreas makes insulin to keep amount of sugar in bloodstream within a range
Acids and Bases • Chemical reactions depend on temperature, availability of energy, concentration of substances dissolved in solution • Chemical reactions also depend on pH
Acids and Bases • pH = measure of how acidic or basic a solution is • Acid = any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water, pH below 7 • Base = any substance that forms hydroxide ions (HO-)in water, pH above 7