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Item-level linking & OpenURL: the perspective of a database provider

Item-level linking & OpenURL: the perspective of a database provider. ACRL Information Technology Interest Group, March 11, 2003 Oliver Pesch Chief Architect EBSCO Publishing. Part 1 Item-level linking. Overview. Definitions The problem Static versus dynamic links Article matching

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Item-level linking & OpenURL: the perspective of a database provider

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  1. Item-level linking & OpenURL: the perspective of a database provider ACRL Information Technology Interest Group, March 11, 2003 Oliver Pesch Chief Architect EBSCO Publishing

  2. Part 1Item-level linking

  3. Overview • Definitions • The problem • Static versus dynamic links • Article matching • Calculating links • Rights checking and context sensitivity

  4. Definitions • Item-level linking Providing links from a cited item to services or information relevant to that item

  5. Sample search result without links

  6. Sample search result with links

  7. Facts and Figures • EBSCOhost • 50 full text databases • 120 million records • 90 million reference records • 50+ secondary databases • 100 million records • 3 million references • Over 300 million possible link points

  8. Static Links • Links embedded in the data • Human or machine assisted matching required

  9. Static Links -- shortcomings • Difficult to manage and maintain • Not practical for large scale application • Problematic when multiple resolution • Lacks context sensitivity

  10. Dynamic link generation • Discover links on-the-fly • Use item’s metadata as basis of the link • Control presentation based on the item and knowledge of the user

  11. Two common techniques • Matching against a knowledgebase of known article links • Calculating links based templates or rules

  12. Matching articles • EBSCO SmartLinks uses a technology called Article Matcher/Rights Checker • Knowledgebase of over 16 million article locations from 12,000 journals • Intelligent matching engine • Rights checking against a customer’s database and e-journal subscriptions

  13. Calculating links • Using a template or set of rules to construct a link • Data elements from source record used in the link • Links to much more than just full text

  14. Calculating links • E-Journal content • OPACs and A-Z lists • ILL and Document Delivery • Citation indexes • Web search engines • Link resolvers

  15. Author: Narayanan, RangaTitle: Insider Trading and the Voluntary Disclosure of Information by FirmsJournal: Journal of Banking and FinanceISSN: 0378-4266Date: 2000-03Volume: 24Issue: 3Page: 395

  16. Author: Narayanan, RangaTitle: Insider Trading and the Voluntary Disclosure of Information by FirmsJournal: Journal of Banking and FinanceISSN: 0378-4266Date: 2000-03Volume: 24Issue: 3Page: 395 “Check library catalog” (Innovative interfaces) http://explore.lib.univ.edu/search/I/?SEARCH=0378-4266 “Check library catalog” (Innovative interfaces) http://explore.lib.univ.edu/search/I/?SEARCH={ISSN}

  17. Author: Narayanan, RangaTitle: Insider Trading and the Voluntary Disclosure of Information by FirmsJournal: Journal of Banking and FinanceISSN: 0378-4266Date: 2000-03Volume: 24Issue: 3Page: 395 “Request ILL through ILLIAD” http://server:port/OpenURL/OpenURL?genre=article &ISSN=0378-4266&title=Journal of Banking and Finance &aulast=Narayanan&atitle=Insider Trading… &volume=24&issue=3&startPage=395 &SID=EBSCO:Econlit “Request ILL through ILLIAD” http://server:port/OpenURL/OpenURL?genre=article &ISSN={ISSN}&title={JOURNAL}&aulast={AUTHOR}&atitle={TITLE}&volume={VOLUME}&issue={ISSUE}&startPage={PAGE}&SID=EBSCO:{dbCode}

  18. Author: Narayanan, RangaTitle: Insider Trading and the Voluntary Disclosure of Information by FirmsJournal: Journal of Banking and FinanceISSN: 0378-4266Date: 2000-03Volume: 24Issue: 3Page: 395 “More information on this journal” http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?db=ser& &bquery=jn+”Journal of Banking and Finance” “More information on this journal” http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?db=ser& &bquery=jn+”{JOURNAL}”

  19. Author: Narayanan, RangaTitle: Insider Trading and the Voluntary Disclosure of Information by FirmsJournal: Journal of Banking and FinanceISSN: 0378-4266Date: 2000-03Volume: 24Issue: 3Page: 395 “Search Google for author” http://www.google.com/search?q=Narayanan, Ranga&btnG=Google+Search “Search Google for author” http://www.google.com/search?q={AUTHOR} &btnG=Google+Search

  20. Context sensitivity • Use journal/ISSN lists to control presentation • Presence of certain data elements required • Option to hide if full text • User profiles

  21. Sometimes links don’t work • Presentation of calculated links based on probabilities • Not all articles available online • Differences in editorial practices • ISSN and title changes • Selective coverage of some full text databases • Errors

  22. Part 2 OpenURL and Link Resolvers

  23. OpenURL and Link Resolvers • A major step toward realizing promise of linking all library’s resources • OpenURL offers a low barrier for information resources to be compliant • Puts the library in control

  24. Overview • More definitions • The problem • Link resolvers as a solution • The knowledgebase

  25. Definitions • OpenURL An accepted syntax for describing an item on a URL either by including metadata or by reference using a unique identifier

  26. Definitions • DOI Digital Object Identifier. An “actionable” identifier that uniquely identifies a digital object such as a journal article. “Actionable” because, with a DOI a URL to an article can be created. http://dx.doi.org/<DOI>

  27. Definitions • CrossRef A collaborative service created and maintained by publishers for the purpose of facilitating reference linking. • Registration of article metadata, URLs and DOIs • A lookup service used by publishers and link servers for discovering DOIs • A service for resolving a DOI into a URL

  28. Definitions • Source (link) An online service where the user finds an item-level link. • Target (link) The site or service that is being accessed when the user clicks a link

  29. Many resources from many vendors ISI ingenta Publishersites Ehost DBs EhostEJS British Library Gale Google

  30. Some link to selective resources ISI ingenta Publisher sites Ehost DBs EhostEJS British Library Gale Google User

  31. Some link to selective resources ISI ingenta Publisher sites Ehost DBs EhostEJS User British Library Gale Google

  32. Links inconsistent and management complex ISI ingenta Publisher sites Ehost DBs EhostEJS British Library Gale Google

  33. With LinkSource: More comprehensive, easier to manage ISI ingenta Publisher sites Link Server Ehost DBs EhostEJS British Library Gale Google

  34. ISI Pay per view $$$ ingenta A Publisher sites Library subscribes Ehost DBs EhostEJS A British Library Gale Google User

  35. Appropriate copy linking ISI Pay per view $$$ ingenta A Publisher sites  Link Server Library subscribes Ehost DBs EhostEJS A British Library Gale Google User

  36. What is a Link Server? An OpenURL resolver that… • Takes a citation as input • Enhances the incoming metadata • Looks up full text links in a database of links • Calculates additional links based on rules and templates • Applies filters and other rules to determine if a link should show or not • Displays a menu of links for the user • All this controlled by the institution

  37. OpenURL CrossRef PubMed etc. Database of links Rule-basedLinks Library’s Collections Global Collections 1. Ingest OpenURL request. 6. Prepare and present link menu Link Server 4. Calculate Rule-based links 5. Apply filters to eliminate unwanted links 2. Enhance metadata 3. Look for full text links in database of links, such as CrossRef or EBSCO Article Matcher

  38. Demonstration • EBSCOhost: http://search.epnet.com/userlogin.asp?user=sales&password=academic • FirstSearch:http://firstsearch.oclc.org

  39. Link resolver knowledgebase Determines how good a link resolver is: • Knowledge on how to make links • Knowledge how to control links • Information kept up-to-date

  40. OpenURL CrossRef PubMed etc. Database of links Rule-basedLinks Library’s Collections Global Collections Link Server Title lists, coverage and embargo information for aggregations and packages Rules and templates for linking to various targets E-journals, aggregations and other content the library holds Database of article links and matching logic. The knowledgebase

  41. Controlling the link • Choose appropriate targets to link to • Customize the URLs • Customize link text and/or icon • Apply filters to control display • Local collection(s) • Global collection(s) • Apply additional rules to control display • Hide if full text • Specify required fields • Use groups or profiles to create link sets

  42. Myths and confusions… Q: “Will LinkSource be able to find an article on my hard drive?” A: No, link resolvers are not search engines and do not search for full text. Links to articles are either stored in a database like CrossRef or can be calculated.

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