The Louisiana Purchase: Expanding Westward

1. Chapter 9The Era of Thomas Jefferson1800-1815Section 2:The Louisiana Purchase LEQ: What was the importance of the purchase and exploration of the Louisiana Territory?

2. What you will do • Describe how the United States purchased the LouisianaTerritory. • Explain Jefferson’s dilemma with purchasing the Louisiana Territory. • Discuss Lewis and Clark’s expedition.

3. What you will Know Expedition Meriwether Lewis William Clark Louisiana Purchase Pinckney Treaty

4. Background Knowledge • In the previous section, we learned how Jefferson focused on reducing the size of the federal government. • In this section, we will learn how he expanded the country’s border to the west

5. The Nation Looks West • The Nation Looks West • By 1800… • More than 1 million settlers lived between… • The Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River • Most settlers were farmers • The Great Mississippi River • A way for the settlers to ship their goods to… • The Port of New Orleans • Then shipped to the markets in the East • Controlled by Spain

6. The Nation Looks West • The Pinckney Treaty of 1795 • To guarantee the Americans’ right to ship their goods down the Mississippi to New Orleans • Crisis of 1801 • Spain had secretly given New Orleans and the rest of the Louisiana Territory to France • Problem… • Jefferson feared… • Napoleon's advancement in North American • Westward expansion would be blocked

7. Buying Louisiana • In 1802 • The Spanish Governor withdrew the right of Americans to ship goods through New Orleans • Outcome… • A surprise offer • Jefferson sends… • James Monroe and Robert Livingston to Paris • To buy New Orleans and the territory to the east

8. Buying Louisiana • A surprise offer continued… • While in Paris • Monroe and Livingston learned… • The Haitians expelled the French • France and Britain are on the verge of war • Napoleon needs money • In 1803, France offers the U.S. • New Orleans and the entire Louisiana Territory • Gulf of Mexico to Canada • From the Mississippi to Rocky Mountains • For $15 million or 4₵ per acre • Louisiana Purchase

9. Buying Louisiana • Jefferson’s Dilemma with the Louisiana Purchase • The Constitution nowhere states that the President has the power to buy land from a foreign country • Outcome… • Congress approves and votes to pay for the land

10. Lewis and Clark Explore the West • In January of 1803 • Jefferson convinces Congress to fund an expedition • Led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark • Task • To report back on… • Geography • Plants • Animals • Other natural features of the region • To make contact with Native Americans living in the Louisiana territory

11. Lewis and Clark Explore the West • Into the Unknown • May of 1804 • Lewis and Clark leave St. Louisand head up the Missouri River • With three boatsand 40 men • November of 1805 • Lewis and Clark reach the Pacific Ocean

12. Lewis and Clark

14. Activity • Create a tweet for each leg of Lewis and Clarks expedition showing their excitement and concerns. • Tweets should be addressed to President Jefferson • Try to put yourself in their shoes • Imagine how they must have felt as they reached completed each section of their expedition.

15. Check on Learning • Explain the Pinckney Treaty. • What is the significance of the Mississippi River and the Port of New Orleans? • Who was the president responsible for the Louisiana Purchase? • Explain Jefferson’s dilemma. • Name of the two men who were given the task of exploring the Louisiana Territory? • Summary. Use complete sentences to summarize what you learned in this section. Answer the LEQ in your summary.