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Dendro chrono logy

Dendro chrono logy. 4. 3. 2. 1. Radial Growth. White Oak Tree Rings. 1970. 1972. 1971. 1973. Growth Rings. Periodical activity of vascular cambium Represent one year of growth. 1970. 1971. 1972. Growth rings: Early wood and late wood. E. Tree rings; Annual rings

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Dendro chrono logy

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  1. Dendrochronology

  2. 4 3 2 1 Radial Growth

  3. White Oak Tree Rings 1970 1972 1971 1973

  4. Growth Rings • Periodical activity of vascular cambium • Represent one year of growth 1970 1971 1972

  5. Growth rings: Early wood and late wood E • Tree rings; Annual rings • Early wood/late wood boundaries • Early wood – larger cells; thinner walls • Late wood – smaller cells; thicker walls L E L E L

  6. History of Dendrochronology • Theophrastus (3rd Century B.C.) • Leonardo da Vinci (ca. 1500) • A. E. Douglas (American Southwest; early 20thCentury) • E. L. Moseley (Ohio and Midwest; 20th Century) (O.E. Ehrhart)

  7. Aggregate Tree Growth • Rt = At + Ct +dD1t + dD2t + Et • R = radial growth • t = time (year) • A = age-related trend • C = climate • D1 = endogenous disturbance • D2 = exogenous disturbance • E = random error

  8. Sample Acquisition-Slabs and Cookies-

  9. Sample Acquisition- Tree Coring - Borer Extractor Phipps 1985 Tip penetrating wood Threaded tip

  10. Tree-ring Scientist at work

  11. Application of Dendrochronology • Archaeology • Anthropology • Dendroclimatology • Dendroecology • Forensics

  12. Forensics Kidnapping of the Lindbergh Baby

  13. Rail from ladder Board from attic Forensics Rail Board A PERFECT MATCH

  14. Dendroecology • Release Events • Tornado 1974

  15. These trees are the same size. This one is 18 years old…

  16. This one is 198 years old!

  17. Dendropyrochronology Wound Tissue Fire Scar

  18. Dendroarchaeology: Dating Buildings and Wooden Items

  19. Dendroarchaeology: Dating Buildings and Wooden Items • Comparison to existing chronologies • Crossdating • Pattern matching • Fundamental • Not ring counting! • Example

  20. Crossdating 1821 – 2003 1830 1840

  21. 1821 – 2003 1830 1840 ? – ?

  22. 1821 – 2003 1830 1840 ? – ?

  23. 1821 – 2003 1830 1840 1803 – 1829 1810 1820

  24. 1821 – 2003 1830 1840 1803 – 1829 1810 1820 ? – ?

  25. 1821 – 2003 1830 1840 1803 – 1829 1810 1820

  26. 1821 – 2003 1830 1840 1803 – 1829 1810 1820 1810 1800 1791 – 1818

  27. SouthernIndiana Master Chronology 3.0 2.5 2.0 Ring Width (mm) 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 Year

  28. Dysart Woods Master Chronology (1625 – 1998) 3.0 2.5 2.0 Mean Ring Width (mm) 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 Year

  29. 1

  30. Aggregate Tree Growth • Rt = At + Ct +dD1t + dD2t + Et • R = radial growth • t = time (year) • A = age-related trend • C = climate • D1 = endogenous disturbance • D2 = exogenous disturbance • E = random error

  31. Principles of Dendrochronology • Limiting factors • biological demands • light • water 1954 1950 1958

  32. Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) • Water Availability • Precipitation and temperature • Measure of severity 1954 drought 4 2 0 PDSI -2 -4 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 Year

  33. Wood is different in different tree species Tulip poplar – Indiana’s state tree

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