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Describing and measuring MOTION

Learn how to describe and measure motion, including speed, velocity, and graphing techniques. Explore concepts like relative motion, SI system, measuring distance, converting units, and motion graphs. Discover the theory of plate tectonics and Earth's plate movements. Engage in activities to deepen your understanding.

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Describing and measuring MOTION

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  1. Describing and measuring MOTION Section 1.1 Notes

  2. Key Concepts • When is an object in motion? • How do you know an object’s speed and velocity? • How can you graph motion?

  3. Describing Motion • You are in MOTION if your distance from another object is changing • Depends on a REFERENCE POINT • Place or object used for comparison

  4. Describing Motion • Are you moving? • Reference point = SMARTboard • Ref. pt. = Sun • To determine motion, you must know your reference point!! • Car vs. big truck or busses

  5. Relative Motion Boat example: people in boat compared to shore – why? people in boat compared to boat – why?

  6. You use units of measurement to describe motion SI System Meter - basic Measuring Distance

  7. Review: • How many cm in a m? • How many mm in a m? • How many m in a km?

  8. Practice Problem How many centimeters are in 22.5 meters? 22.5 m = 2,250 cm - Describing and Measuring Motion Converting Units

  9. SPEED • The distance an object moves in a certain amount of time • Speed = distance / time • Units depend on measures of distance and time • m/s km/h m/h

  10. Average Speed • Overall speed of an object • Calculate by dividing total distance by total time

  11. Instantaneous Speed • Rate at which an object is moving at a given instant in time. • Why is the instantaneous speed different from the average speed?

  12. Would a radar gun (used by police officers) measure average speed or instantaneous speed? WHY?

  13. VELOCITY • Speed in a given direction. • You need to know the direction to know velocity • Important to: pilots, weather forecasters, air traffic controllers

  14. Motion graphs plot distance versus time Slope = rise/run Slope = distance/time Slope = speed of that segment Graphing motion!!

  15. Graphing Motion

  16. - Describing and Measuring Motion Graphing Motion Activity • Cgp - 3011

  17. Slow motion on planet earth 1.2 Notes

  18. Key Concepts • How does the theory of plate tectonics explain the movement of Earth’s landmasses? • How fast do Earth’s plates move

  19. Earth’s Plates • Earth’s outer layer composed of plates • Like pieces of a puzzle

  20. Theory of Plate Tectonics • Earth’s landmasses have changed position over time because they are part of plates that are slowly moving. • Why do they move?

  21. Convection Currents • Heat from the core causes convection currents in the mantle. • Hot matter rises, • then cools and sinks • Earth’s plates move • on top

  22. Plate Movement • Some plates move at a rate of several centimeters each year. • Others - only a few mm per year.

  23. Plate Movement • Why don’t we feel the plates moving? • SO slow • Scientists use average speed of plates to predict future changes.

  24. - Slow Motion on Planet Earth Continental Drift Activity • Cfp-1015

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