OBJECTIVES: TO HAVE A CLEAR IDEA ON HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT & RISK CONTROL

1. 4.3.1 Planning for Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control OBJECTIVES: • TO HAVE A CLEAR IDEA ON HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT & RISK CONTROL • TO UNDERSTAND THE METHODOLOGY TO PERFORM GROUP RISK ASSESSMENT • TO ADOPT CONTROL MEASURES TO MINIMISE SIGNIFICANT RISKS

2. Hazard is a source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property, damage to the workplace environment or a combination of these. Hazard Identification is a process of recognizing that a hazard exists and defining its characteristics 4.3.1 Planning for Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control

3. 4.3.1 Planning for Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control Intent of the Clause 4.3.1 This processes of hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control help the organization to identify, evaluate and control its OH&S risks on an ongoing basis.

4. OH&S Risks The elements which are exposed to OH&S hazards are: • People (P) • Equipment (E) • Material • Environment

5. OH&S Risks More specifically the risks to these elements have been further broken-down as follows. People : Occupational Health (OH) Occupational Safety (OS) Equipment/: Equipment Damage (ED) Property Property Damage(PD)

6. OH&S Risks Occupational Health: Condition or factors that affect the well being of human health (employees, temporary workers, contractor personnel and other) during work, in particular and in a working environment, in general. The aspects that are primarily included affecting human health (which is NOT merely physical health but mental health also) are artificial humidification, drinking water, dust & fume, latrines, lighting, overcrowding, spittoons etc.

7. OH&S Risks Occupational Safety : It deals with the control of accidental loss during work . Here the term occupational safety primarily deals with human content

8. OH&S Risks More specifically the word illnessandinjury are used frequently for Occupational Health and Occupational Safety respectively But Occupational Health & Occupational Safety should also consider damage to other things such as properties and equipment

9. Rating Scale for Occupational Health Rating Impact High (H) Medium(M) Low (L) Illness which ultimately cause loss of life or permanent damage to body organ viz. loss of hearing, chronic diseases due to exposure to hazardous pollutants etc. Medical Treatment Illness Medical Aid Illness

10. Rating Scale for Occupational Health Rating Probability Repetitive event (once or twice per year) Infrequent event (once in 1 to 5 years) Once in 5-10 years or less frequent High (H) Medium(M) Low (L)

11. Rating Scale for Occupational Safety Rating Impact High(H) Disabling injury, loss of body part/s or fatality Medium(M) Medical aid injury (Hospitalisation) Low(L) First Aid Injury

12. Rating Scale for Occupational Safety Rating Probability High(H) Once in 3 months or more frequent Medium(M) Once in 3 - 12 months Low(L) Once in a year or above

13. Rating Scale for Equipment Rating Impact High(H) Loss of function of facility for more than 4 hrs & or repair costs typically Rs.2 Lakhs & above Medium(M) Loss of function of facility for 1 to 4 hrs or repair costs typically Rs.0.5 Lakh to Rs.2 Lakhs Low(L) Loss of function of facility upto 1 hour or repair costs typically upto Rs.0.5 Lakh

14. Rating Scale for Equipment Rating Probability High(H) At least once or more per year Medium(M) At least once or twice in 1 to 3 years Low(L) Never happen in 3 years or less frequent

15. Rating Scale for Material Rating Impact High (H) Loss of material typically Rs. 10 Lakhs & above Medium (M) Loss of material typically Rs. 1 Lakh to Rs.10 Lakhs Low (L) Loss of material typically upto Rs.1 Lakh

16. Rating Scale for Material Rating Probability High (H) At least once per year Medium (M) May only happen occasionally (at least once or twice in 3 years) Low (L) Never happen in 3 years or less frequent

17. H M L SEVERITY (IMPACT) Rating Scale 4 Extreme Risks - Unacceptable risk level. Actions required to eliminate or reduce this risk level immediately 3 High Risks - Extensive actions are required to control this risk level 2 Moderate Risks - Appropriate controls are required 1 Low Risks - Control may still be justified

18. OH&S Risks The whole process of Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control shall be done under all the three conditions viz : • Normal operating conditions • Abnormal operating conditions • Emergency conditions

19. Control of Significant OH&S Risks • The Control of significant OH&Srisks involves three possible alternatives viz. • Termination • Treatment • Tolerance

20. Control of Significant OH&S Risks Termination:Termination of the OHS risks by such actions, that they cease to exist. Usually these are specific actions that can be completed in short term. Examples are eliminating water circulation for RHF, providing a platform in place of portable ladder.

21. Control of Significant OH&S Risks Treatment :Improvement in OHS performance can be achieved through treatment of significant OHS risks of different activities. Specific projects shall be undertaken for performance improvement. Examples are Provision of bund wall in converter to protect the cables (property damage) in case of spillage of hot metal, Modifying the acid loading method to avoid exposure of personnel to acid.

22. Control of Significant OH&S Risks Tolerance:Some of the OHS risks may not be so easily amenable for performance improvements or the present resources do not permit undertaking of improvement (Management) programmes immediately. In such an event it may be necessary to tolerate the actions. However such activities shall be carried out in a prescribed manner to contain and maintain present level of performance. Examples are exposed cable trays, unguarded ceiling fans etc.