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The New Deal Coalition

The New Deal Coalition. Chapter 12, Section 3. Roosevelt’s Second Term. Party Lines Shift. African Americans historically Republicans Robert L. Vann urges joining Democrats New coalition in Democratic party. Administration Changes . Black Cabinet

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The New Deal Coalition

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  1. The New Deal Coalition Chapter 12, Section 3

  2. Roosevelt’s Second Term

  3. Party Lines Shift • African Americans historically Republicans • Robert L. Vann urges joining Democrats • New coalition in Democratic party

  4. Administration Changes • Black Cabinet • Specific changes to include AA in Public Works • Frances Perkins • 2 diplomats, federal judge

  5. Election of 1936

  6. The Court-Packing Plan • AAA ruled unconstitutional • Cases pending on Social Security and Wagner Act • Roosevelt wanted to eliminate “nine old men” • Justices had to retire after 10 years/age 70 • New justice appointed otherwise • Six justices max appointed this way

  7. Fallout • First serious mistake • FDR trying to undermine judicial independence • Didn’t pass, but forced SC to back down • Split Democratic Party • Southern Democrats worried about segregation • African Americans worried about future civil rights

  8. Recession of 1937 • Industrial output up • Roosevelt wanted to balance budget • PWA and WPA cut • Social security takes $2bil out of economy

  9. Opposing Views Henry Morganthau John Maynard Keynes British economist Heavy government spending during recession Roosevelt was wrong to cut back on spending • Treasury secretary • Balancing budget; cut spending • Encourage business leaders to invest

  10. The New Deal Ends

  11. Federal Housing Administration • Eleanor Roosevelt toured Appalachia & rural south • Urged FDR to fix it • $500 mil to subsidize loans for builders • Had to provide low-cost housing

  12. Farm Security Administration • AAA shut down • Farmers paid to not produce • Farm owners expelled tenant farmers • Gave loans to tenants to buy farms

  13. Fair Labor Standards Act • Abolished child labor • 44 hour work week • First federal minimum wage • 25 cents/hour • Last major act

  14. The New Deal’s Legacy • Limited success in ending Depression • Stronger sense of security and stability • Balance competing economic interests • Supreme Court rulings helped: • Fed. Gov’t authority to regulate production • Regulate consumption in states • Power of mediation

  15. Legacy cont. • Broker state • Government works out conflicts • Change in public attitude – safety net expected • Overall increase in gov’t power in economy

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