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CHAPTER 7 Personality and Personality disorder

CHAPTER 7 Personality and Personality disorder. Zhang Lei SIR RUN RUN SHAW HOSPITAL. Aim. Grasp the definitions of personality traits and disorders features to all personality disorders

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CHAPTER 7 Personality and Personality disorder

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  1. CHAPTER 7 Personality and Personality disorder Zhang Lei SIR RUN RUN SHAW HOSPITAL

  2. Aim • Grasp the definitions of personality traits and disorders features to all personality disorders • Be familiar with the psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic treatment strategies for patients with personality disorder

  3. Personality • What is personality? • Personality refers to enduring qualities of an individual that are shown in his ways ofbehaving in a wide variety of circumstances. • Mental disorder: differ from previous behaviour.

  4. The importance of personality • Personality as predisposition • Personality as pathoplastic factor • Personality in relation to treatment

  5. Personality types • Sociable and outgoing type vs. solitary and self-conscious type • Extraversion-introversion and neuroticism (Eysenck) • Fives factors: openness to experience; Conscientiousness, Extraversion-introversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism(OCEAN)

  6. The origins of personality • Genetic influences • Childhood temperament • Young infants differ in patterns of sleeping and waking, approach or withdrawal from new situations, intensity of emotional responses, and span of attention. • Childhood experience

  7. The assessment of personality • Personality tests are more reliable in healthy people. • Useful in research, seldom used in clinical practice. • The current behaviour of an ill person reflects the effects of the illness as well as the personality.

  8. Personality disorder

  9. The concept of abnormal personality • Statistical criterion: such as intelligence • Social criterion: cause individual suffer or cause suffering to others • Personality change • Due to organic disease of the brain • After psychiatric disorder • After a catastrophic experience

  10. Koch(1891) used the term psychopathic inferiority to denote this group of people who have marked abnormalities of behaviour in the absence of mental illness or intellectual impairment. • Later the word inferiority was replaced by pesonality to avoid judgemental overtones.

  11. Classification of personality Disoeder

  12. Classification of personality Disoeder • Cluster A personality disorders • Paranoid personality disorder • Schizoid personality disorder • Cluster B personality disorders • Antisocial personality disorder • Histrionic personality disorder • Cluster C personality disorders • Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder • Dependent personality disorder • Avoidant personality disorder

  13. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria • Cluster A personality disorders • Paranoid personality disorder • Suspicious • Mistrustful • Sensitive • Resentful • Bears grudges • Self-important

  14. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria • Cluster A personality disorders • Schizoid personality disorder • Emotionally cold • Detached • Aloof • Lacking enjoyment • Introspective

  15. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria • Cluster B personality disorders • Antisocial personality disorder • Callous • Transient relationship • Irresponsible • Impulsive and irritable • Lack guilt and remorse • Fail to accept responsibility

  16. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria • Cluster B personality disorders • Histrionic personality disorder • Self-dramatization • Suggestibility • Shallow, labile affect • Seeks attention and excitement • Inappropriately seductive • Over-concern with physical attractiveness

  17. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria • Cluster C personality disorders • Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder • Preoccupied with details, rules • Inhibited by perfectionism • Overconscientious and scrupulous • Excessively concerned with productivity • Rigid and stubborn • Expects others to submit to his ways • Excessively pedantic and bound by convention • Excessively doubting and cautious

  18. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria • Cluster C personality disorders • Dependent personality disorder • Allows others to take responsibility • Unduly compliant • Unwilling to make reasonable demands • Feels unable to care for himself • Fear of being left to care for himself • Needs excessive help to make decisions

  19. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria • Cluster C personality disorders • Avoidant personality disorder • Feelings of tension • Feels socially inferior • Preoccupied with rejection • Avoids involvement • Avoids risk • Avoids social activity

  20. The prognosis of personality disorder • Personality disorders are defined as lifelong conditions, so little change would be expected with time. There is little reliable evidence about their outcome.

  21. Treatment • Drug treatments • Psychological treatments

  22. The management of personality disorders • Assessment • General aims: conflicts less with their character • Overall plan • Choice of psychotherapy • Choice of medication • Organization of services • progress

  23. Thank you for your attention! 23

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