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Chemistry College Entrance Exams in Several Countries

Chemistry College Entrance Exams in Several Countries. June 18, 2006 Guangzhou, China ZHANG BaoHui ( 张宝辉 ) National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Overview. US Education System SAT II (Subject test: Chemistry) ACT II (Subject test: Chemistry)

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Chemistry College Entrance Exams in Several Countries

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  1. Chemistry College Entrance Exams in Several Countries June 18, 2006 Guangzhou, China ZHANG BaoHui (张宝辉) National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

  2. Overview • US Education System • SAT II (Subject test: Chemistry) • ACT II (Subject test: Chemistry) • AP (Advanced Placement) Chemistry • ACS Chemistry resources • Singapore Education System • Germany Education System • Japan Education System • Some suggestions for exam preparation

  3. US （美国）Education System Graduate Schools Undergraduate Schools Secondary School, Age 12-18 Primary School, Age 6-11 Kindergarden, Age 5

  4. US College Admissions • While the process has been, to some degree, standardized, college admissions are generally not centralized, and certainly not on a national level. A student is admitted to the whole college, so admission will look for general academic promise rather than proficiency in one discipline Top Ten Things • High School Grades • SAT or ACT Scores • SAT II Scores • AP Courses and Test Scores • College Essays • Extracurriculars • Recommendations • Interviews • Answers to Application Questions • Personal Factors: race, gender, background The exact mix of these different factors ranges from school to school, year to year, and situation to situation (http://collegeapps.about.com/od/yourhighschoolresume/a/topten.htm).

  5. Acceptance Rate to Some US Colleges • Harvard University - 11% • Princeton University - 11% • Columbia University - 12% • Stanford University - 13% • Yale University - 13% • MIT - 16% • Brown University - 17% • Cal Tech - 21% • Georgetown University - 21% • University of Pennsylvania - 21% • UCLA - 24% • University of California Berkeley - 24% • Washington University - 24% • Rice University - 24% • Duke University - 25% (http://collegeapps.about.com/od/rankings/a/u_acceptance.htm )

  6. SAT Overview • SAT = Scholastic Aptitude Test • More than two millions students take the SAT each year, and most colleges use the SAT to help them make admissions decisions about their applicants. A good score on the SAT can make any application stand out, while a poor score can damage your chances. The perfect score on the SAT is a 2400. On each of the three SAT sections - Critical Reading, Math, and Writing - a student will get a score ranging between 200-800. • http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/sat • SAT subject area exams (including chemistry): Amazon (www.amazon.com) usually carries prep books for this exam. I have never seen an actual exam. The Educational Testing Service in Princeton, NJ, USA, administers the exams. (http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/sat/lc_two/chem/prac/cs/csprac01.html?chem )

  7. SAT Preparation Booklet • SAT Subject Tests™ Preparation Booklet 2005-06 • Overview of each subject test • What subject tests to take • Test-taking tips and approaches • Sample questions with answers and explanations • Page 28-32 with sample questions

  8. SAT—Chemistry Sample Questions I

  9. SAT—Chemistry Sample Questions II Classification Sets Electrolysis of water to form hydrogen and oxygen gases

  10. SAT—Chemistry Sample Questions III Relationship Analysis About Relationship Analysis Questions On the actual Chemistry Test, the following type of question must be answered on the special section (labeled "Chemistry") at the lower left-hand corner of page 2 of your answer sheet. These questions will be numbered beginning with 101.

  11. Best SAT Chemistry Prep. Books • http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0738601152/104-5816138-9591125?v=glance&n=283155 • http://btobsearch.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbninquiry.asp?z=y&btob=Y&pwb=1&ean=9780743279468

  12. US College Admissions (ACT Chemistry) • ACT (American College Test) • America’s most widely accepted college entrance exam. It assesses high school students’ general educational development and their ability to complete college-level work. • The multiple-choice tests cover four skill areas: English, Math, Reading, and Science

  13. ACT (American College Test) 1. www.act.org ; 2. www.acteducationsolutions.com; 3. http://ce.sjtu.edu.cn/gac/intro/intro_default.htm 4.http://www.sdzx.net/8211serviceschool/SchoolWebPublish/SWP_Templet/T_CustomColumn5/Templet1/index.asp?id=51520 • Two million students take this test every year • EPAS (Educational Planning and Assessment System) • Student blog wwww.actstudent.org/testprep ;

  14. AP Chemistry

  15. AP Chemistry

  16. AP Chemistry Syllabus • Course description in another file

  17. AP Chemistry

  18. AP Chemistry

  19. SAT Preparation—Online Resource

  20. ACS Chemistry Exams • The American Chemical Society has developed many different exams for both high school and college level. You have to belong to ACS and be a professor to order the test bank of these questions. Check the website for ACS--Division of Chemical Education (www.chemistry.org, Education). • For sample multiple-choice questions, refer to the Course Description.

  21. Singapore （新加坡） Education System University Secondary School Onwards Polytechnics GCE AL Exam ITE Junior Colleges GCE OL Examination Sec 5 Special/Express GCE NL Exam Sec 1-4 Normal Sec 1-4

  22. Singapore SEAB • Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board,www.seab.gov.sg • Formerly part of Singapore Ministry of Education • Provide examination services locally and internationally • The Singapore-Cambridge General Certificate of Education (Advanced level) (Higher 1, 2 and 3). www.seab.gov.sg/SEAB/alevel/syllabus/private

  23. The Singapore-Cambridge GCE • The Singapore-Cambridge General Certificate of Education (Advanced Level) Examination is conducted in Singapore annually. • The Ministry of Education, Singapore & the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate are the joint examining authorities for the Singapore-Cambridge GCE A-Level examination. http://www.seab.gov.sg/SEAB/aLevel/intro.html

  24. The Singapore-Cambridge GCE: Syllabus • H1 Chemistry Syllabus explanation (See another file)

  25. The Singapore GCE Chemistry I

  26. Japan Education System www.jasso.go.jp/study_j/sgj_02_chi.html

  27. Japan: Ratio Going on to College • Continue to increase after WWII • Shift from 2-Y to 4-Y College • 4-Y College 44.2% • 2-Y 7.3%（both 2005) • Shrinking 18 Years population • HS grads1,203,000(-32,000 y.t.y) • HS grads and part-time workers: ~23,000 • College grads and part-time worker: ~20,000（2005）　 　（Ref: MECSSTSchool White Paper 2005） Ref: Nikkey Newspaper: 8/11/2005

  28. Japan: Chemistry College Entrance Exam • JASSO (Japan Student Services Organization) • is an independent administrative Institution • Examination for Japanese University Admission for • International Students (EJU) • --Purpose: Test whether students from other countries • have the basic scholastic ability in science considered • necessary for studying at the undergraduate level at • a Japanese university • --Syllabus online, www.jasso.go.jp/eju/index.e.html Ref: Nikkey Newspaper: 8/11/2005

  29. EJU Syllabus for Examination of Chemistry • http://www.jasso.go.jp/eju/syllabus_chem04_e.html#purpose • *Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology • l. Chemical nature of substances • ll. State of substance • lll. Chemical reaction • lV. Structure of matter Ref: Nikkey Newspaper: 8/11/2005

  30. EJU Syllabus • EJU Chemistry Syllabus explanatin • (See another file) Ref: Nikkey Newspaper: 8/11/2005

  31. Germany （德国）Education System

  32. Germany—College Admissions • Need to ask colleagues at IPN about German education system and chemistry college entrance exam problems, test examples

  33. Suggestions • Improve reading • Improve conceptual understanding • Make connection to real-life experience • Chemistry problem solving

  34. 一、表层结构分析 • 1、结构分布 • 2、题型分布 • 3、时间分布 • 4、题长分布

  35. 二、深层结构分析 回忆型 理解型 应用型 • 1、学习目标的促成 （1）认知性学习目标 （2）技能性学习目标 （3）体验性学习目标

  36. 二、深层结构分析 • 2、问题解决能力的考查——实验部分 计算类问题解决 实验类问题解决 有机化学问题解决 化学平衡问题解决 开放性化学问题解决

  37. 二、深层结构分析 • 3、紧密联系生活实际的体现

  38. 二、深层结构分析 • 4、各类化学知识的整合 无机化学 有机化学 生物化学 食品化学 药物化学 环境化学

  39. 二、深层结构分析 • 5、“以人为本”意识的渗透 （1）附录——减轻学生记忆负担 （2）实验的真实性——提高学生的操作 （3）温馨提示——氢氧化钠有腐蚀性

  40. 三、与中国化学高考试题的主要对比分析 小插曲

  41. 四、对我国新课程高考的启示 • 1、适当增加附录部分——给出一些数据，让学生能合理利用数据、寻找规律； • 2、提倡真实性评价——体现新课程精神，体现在科学探究上； • 3、适度增加主观题的比例——培养学生语言表达能力 • 4、充分利用表格，提高数据信息给予题的比例 • 5、考虑人文因素

  42. Any questions and/or comments? Thank you!

  43. 1、结构分布 正文： • A.重要化学常数值 • B.键能数据（双原子分子、多原子分子） • C.常见元素的电离能（包括四级电离） • D.原子及对应离子的半径（包括第三周期、ⅡA、ⅣA、ⅦA以及第四周期中的过渡元素） • E.标准电极电势和氧化还原电势（包括按元素字母顺序排列及按氧化能力强弱排列） • F.元素周期表 • G.定性分析（阳离子、阴离子的反应、气体的检验） 附录： （1）重要的物理量及其单位（Summary of key quantities and units） （2）化学数据手册（Data booklet for chemistry） ★ 返 回

  44. 2、题型分布 • 多选题（Multiple choice） • 问答题、计算题、推断题、信息题——paperⅡ、Ⅲ • 实验题——需要一边实际操作、一边记录数据和实验现象、绘制实验图 返 回

  45. 特点：1、前30题为单选 2、后10题为“组合”选择题——利于排除法解题 如P241：待选项Ａ至Ｄ所代表的意义见下表。 35.下列关于元素周期表中ⅡA元素的说法中，正确的是： 1 均为还原剂 2 从上到下，离子半径增大 3 从上到下，元素的电负性降低 多选题（Multiple choice） 返 回

  46. 问答题、计算题、推断题、信息题 • 特点：1、短填空题甚少 如P249：分别说出阳极及阴极产物的一个广泛利用之处。 阳极：产物 用途 阴极：产物 用途 2、出现了either、or的题型——存在选择性 如p259-260 3 either:(a)你是怎样理解“晶格能”的？ (b)写方程式表示:(i)晶格能； (ii)生成MgO的焓变。 (c)…… or:(a)你是如何理解“键能”这个术语的？ (b)(i)写出辛烷完全燃烧的方程式； (ii)使用数据手册中提供的键能计算辛烷燃烧的焓变值。 返 回

  47. 3、时间分布 (Ⅰ) 1小时 (Ⅱ) 1小时30分 (Ⅲ) 2小时45分 (Ⅳ) 2小时30分 总共花时 7小时45分 分开考 返 回

  48. 4、题长分布 • （1）选择题读题时间不长 • （2）问答题、计算题、实验题的子题目较多 返 回

  49. 如p261：4 (b)写出电子构型： (i) 铬原子 (ii) 铬离子 如p229：1 大多数元素都包含不止一种元素，这些原子具有相同的化学性质但不同的质量。下列对一个元素的相对原子质量定义正确的是： A. 一种元素的1个原子的质量相对1个12C原子的质量 B .一种元素1mol原子的质量除以6.02×1023 C. 一种元素1mol原子的质量相对1个12C原子的质量 D.一种元素1mol原子的质量相对1mol12C原子的质量 返 回

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