Making Safety a TOP Priority

1. Making Safety a TOP Priority Ag Mechanics II

2. GENERAL SAFETY

3. Safety IS… • Safety is when workers are free from danger, risk, or injury • Safety in agricultural mechanics shops depends mostly on the people who use the shop • The major cause of accidents are unsafe actions by people and unsafe working conditions

4. The Basics • Follow the 12 safety rules listed on the handout. • The best protective clothing for agricultural workers is coveralls • Minimum protection is safety glasses • Prevention • Protective Devices • MSDS sheets

5. In the Beginning… • National organizations worked together to determine colors • American Society of Agricultural Engineers and the Safety Committee Of the American Vocational Association published a code • Occupational Safety and Health Administration

6. To be safe and efficient, a shop must be large enough to have a reasonable space for each person working in the shop • A clean and well organized shop decreases the chance of accidents • An approved flammable materials cabinet improves shop safety by providing a safe place to store those materials and by automatically closing if there is a fire

7. Tools and materials should be put in their proper places to save time and prevent accidents • To help prevent back injuries, heavy objects should be lifted with the legs and not the back • Loose clothing, jewelry, and long hair can cause serious injury by getting caught in saws, drills, and other equipment with rotating or turning parts

8. Causes of Accidents • Farm Machienery--------44%--almost half • Drowning------------------12% • Hit by objects--------------9% • Electrical current----------7% • Firearms--------------------5% • Falls-------------------------5% • Others----------------------18% Includes burns, animals, poisons etc.

9. EYE WEAR

10. Different Types of Eye Protection • Safety Glasses • Safety Goggles • Face Shield • Welding Helmet

11. Always wear the appropriate eye protection Safety glasses will ALWAYS be worn Eye Protection

12. SAFETY COLORS

13. Ivory Vista Green Aluminum Yellow Blue Green Red Orange Gray 9 colors

14. RED • Fire safety equipment • Areas of Danger

15. BLUE • Used on signs such as “out of order” to identify broken shop equipment that does not work properly. • Information.

16. YELLOW • Identifies wheels, levers, and knobs that adjust or control machines. • Caution.

17. GREEN • Indicates the presence of first aid and safety equipment. • Safety.

18. ORANGE • Dangerous parts of equipment that will cut crush or grind • Warning

19. Purple Radioactivity

20. IVORY Highlights edges of equipment to improve visibility GRAY ●Shop floors

21. VISTA GREEN • Paints bodies of machines, stationary equipment, and cabinets

22. Review What color means danger? What is a dangerous level of noise? What is the best protective measure for someone in the shop setting?

23. NOISE

24. Noise Levels • Unit of measure for sound is decibels • Hearing loss caused by level and time exposed • 90 decibels or higher is dangerous

25. FIRE CLASSES

26. How to extinguish a FIRE • http://www.fireextinguisher.com/ • P pull the pin • A aim at the base of the fire • S squeeze the operating lever • S sweep from side to side

27. Class A- is caused by ordinary combustibles such as wood or paper. The symbol is a green triangle • Class B- is caused by flammable liquids such as gasoline or solvents. The symbol is a red square

28. Class C- is caused by electricity. The symbol is a blue circle • Class D- is caused by combustible metals. The symbol is a yellow star • Class K- Fires in cooking oils and greases such as animal fats and vegetable fats

29. Types of Extinguishers • Water is used for type A • Carbon monoxide (CO2) used for Class B and C fires • Dry Chemical is used for Class A, B, and C fires • Wet chemical is used on Class K

30. Types of Extinguishers • Only Class D extinguishers will work on burning metals • Extinguishers should be located 3 ½ to 5 feet above the floor so that they will be easy to reach

31. HAND TOOLS

32. Hand Tool Safety • Use the right SIZE and TYPE of tool for the job • Follow the correct procedure for using every tool • Keep cutting tools sharp and in good condition

33. Don’t work with oily or greasy hand tools • Handle sharp or pointed tools with care • Always carry sharp or pointed tools with the point down

34. Never carry tools in your pocket • Don’t use tools that are loose or cracked • Chisels or punches with mushroomed heads should be ground smooth

35. Don’t use screwdrivers as chisels or pry bars • Don’t use a “cheater” with a wrench • Don’t use a file without a handle

36. After using a tool, clean it and return it to its proper place • If anything breaks or malfunctions, report it to your instructor at once • Never place tools & materials where they hang on the edge of the table

37. Don’t use tools for things they weren’t meant for Cut away from yourself when using sharp tools Don’t pry or hammer with file.

38. Hammers • Hold hammer near the end away from the hammer to improve accuracy and leverage • Large nails require the use of a heavier hammer than small nails • Using nails to fasten wood is fast, but is the weakest method

39. Hammers • Many types of nails are available. The correct type should be used for the job. Common nails are used most in construction, but finishing nails should be used when the head needs only be set below the surface of the wood

40. Measuring and Marking Tools • “Measure twice, cut once “ is a good rule to follow to reduce the amount of wasted materials and time • Most measuring tools are divided into 1/16” marks. The shortest lines on the rule a usually 1/16th measurements

41. Measuring and Marking Tools • The string of a chalk line should be stretched tight and snapped in the middle to mark an accurate long straight line • A scratch awl, file, or scriber can be used to mark a scratch on metal • Soapstone can be used to mark metal without leaving a permanent scratch

42. Metal Cutting Tools • Files- since files only cut on the forward stroke, pressure should be reduced on the backstroke • Hacksaws- Teeth should be pointed away from the handle because most of the cutting is done on the forward strokes • Taps and Dies- When used to cut metal, oil should be used for lubrication

43. Use the correct size and type for the job A heavy duty screwdriver has a square shank so that a wrench can be used to help remove large screws Screwdrivers

44. Saws • Do not saw out the marked line because the board will be too small is it was measured and marked accurately. Saw on the waste side of the mark

45. Squares • Handle should be held firmly against the edge of the board

46. POWER TOOLS

47. Don’t operate a machine until: • A) receiving proper instruction • B) you fully understand how to use it • C) you have permission • Always wear eye protection • Know and understand all the manufacturers’ safety rules

48. Use all guards exactly as they should be used • Make all adjustments with the power off • Power tools should be inspected and serviced at regular intervals by qualified repair people

49. Make sure everyone is clear BEFORE you turn on the power • Start and stop the machine yourself-STAY WITH THE MACHINE UNTIL IT STOPS !!! • Keep a safe distance between your hands and all moving parts

50. Operate the machine by yourself - unless you need a helper • Be sure all power tools are grounded with a 3-wire conductor cord when required • Before connecting to a power source, make sure the switch is “OFF”