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Nature Wars II

This presentation delves into the world of cockroaches, focusing on their characteristics, habits, and the debate over implementing control measures. Explore the pros and cons of chemical treatments, alternative methods, and the importance of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). The discussion also touches on the challenges of pesticide resistance, household chemical safety, and the need for better regulations and education in pest control practices. Discover strategies to manage cockroach infestations effectively and maintain a healthy living environment.

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Nature Wars II

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  1. Nature Wars II ISS 310 Spring 2002 Prof. Alan Rudy Questions? Main Points? Thursday, April 18

  2. Ch.3: Relatively Harmless Creatures • Cockroaches • Conserving Nature but not at home? • Structural Pest Controllers • Exterminators or Guardians of Health? • Fleas • Rats/mice • Mosquitoes • Termites • Sanitation + IPM far better than chemicals or utterly “natural” controls

  3. Relatively Harmless Cockroaches? • Ancient (like grasshoppers, mantids, crickets and termites). • 4000 species - 4 main pest species • Flat, greasy, flee from light • Omnivorous scavengers • Fecund --> High reproductive rates • NOT A SERIOUS HEALTH THREAT • Allergies usually worst. • A couple? Who cares!?

  4. Relatively Harmless Cockroaches II • When is an infestation bad enough to implement control measures? • Can low levels be tolerated or accepted? • Are chemicals necessary? • Are slower, apparently more expensive (short term), methods feasible?

  5. Relatively Harmless Cockroaches III • Winston claims most chemicals highly tested. • IBT scandal... • Do we trust testers, often companies? • Do we, and others, understand labels and safety measures? • Why do agricultural chemicals and practices get more scrutiny than home chemicals and practices?

  6. Relatively Harmless Cockroaches IV • How do we evaluate household chemical danger for humans? • Problems with, and difficulty of, social epidemiology. • Problems of, and difficulties with, pesticide resistance. • Esp. for cockroaches, where resistance to one chemical may impart resistance to others as well.

  7. Delete sample documenticons and replace with working document icons as follows: • From Insert Menu, select Object... • Click “Create from File” • Locate File name in “File” box • Make sure “Display as Icon” is checked • Click OK • Select icon • From Slide Show Menu, Select “Action Settings” • Click “Object Action” and select “Edit” • Click OK Relatively Harmless Cockroaches V • Should we rotate chemicals often? • In a domestic/retail setting, how would that be done? • How about non-pesticide methods? • Know your species, habitat, preferences • Be clean, store food and garbage in sealed containers, eliminate standing water. • Selective and specific chemical baits, traps and chemical applications. • Diatomaceous earth, boric acid first.

  8. Relatively Harmless Cockroaches VI • Key: consumers must demand IPM as opposed to chemical extermination. • This is because industry must serve clients who want extermination and/or apparently cost-cutting and time saving methods. • IPM = professionalization/better training. but also long-term, sustained and regular maintenance and testing… more time, more commitment, more education, more extensive

  9. Relatively Harmless Cockroaches VII • Need better gov’t regulation, certification, training and renewal schedules... Without this economics and the accelerating pace of life will trump social and natural ecological rationalities. • Refer back to O’Connor – natural, personal, and communal conditions upon which we depend but that we treat as if they were disposable or depreciable commodities. • Need better understanding of short-term penny-wisdom representing long-term pound foolishness. • Very nice summary on p.58

  10. Ch.4: Weeds • Are human beings weeds? Humans thrive everywhere and make their own surroundings, even novel ecosystems like cities and suburbs. • Urbanism makes weeds in their plant, insect, mammalian and avian incarnations – refer back to first chapter in re: agriculture and urbanization. • Urban nature is a hybrid place and climate. • It is groomed, sanitized, and simplified: often more about aesthetics and “feeling” than “nature.”

  11. Ch.4: Weeds II • Pigeons: • check out those many diseases (61) • Geese • mean, stinky, slimy, sick birds • Mike Mackintosh • seeks diversified urban ecologies as a means of controlling pest populations and the reduction of pest being generated by urbanism. • More greenery can produce fewer weeds/pests.

  12. Delete sample documenticons and replace with working document icons as follows: • From Insert Menu, select Object... • Click “Create from File” • Locate File name in “File” box • Make sure “Display as Icon” is checked • Click OK • Select icon • From Slide Show Menu, Select “Action Settings” • Click “Object Action” and select “Edit” • Click OK Ch.4: Weeds III • Birds and Aircraft/Airports • Airports often placed near marshy bird-intensive habitats -- ooops. • Marsh, complex, diverse ecology that Winston calls balanced. • Airport, simplified, reduced diversity ecology that Winston calls disrupted. • Interaction between the two is, therefore, likely to be problematic. • Remember student example of waste treatment plant in marshy areas, too.

  13. Ch.4: Weeds IV • To legally, and non-toxically, control bird populations: • Mowing • Draining • Garbage Removal • Different Noises • Spikes • Hotfoot • Move nests • Raptor releases.

  14. Ch.4: Weeds V • Rats • lean, mean, gnawing machines • quick, tough, fecund, and hard to kill • carry a whole host of diseases and disease vectors • cause fires by gnawing cables • Buildings can be rat-proofed but it isn’t easy • Anti-coagulant chemicals are producing resistance in rats

  15. Ch.4: Weeds VI • Coyotes • classic mammalian generalist with high reproduction rates and smarts • kill far fewer pets than cars do • Raccoons • move to cities when habitat destroyed and when transplanted for sport hunting. • Rabies • Beaver, Deer, Squirrels, Rabbits. • MAIN POINT: SOCIETY contributes far more to the production of pests and weeds than NATURE does. • Learn/repeat the key ways this occurs.

  16. Delete sample documenticons and replace with working document icons as follows: • From Insert Menu, select Object... • Click “Create from File” • Locate File name in “File” box • Make sure “Display as Icon” is checked • Click OK • Select icon • From Slide Show Menu, Select “Action Settings” • Click “Object Action” and select “Edit” • Click OK Ch.4: Weeds VI • Lawns produce weeds! • Greatest advertising campaign EVER • Quote on p. 76 • Alternatives: • Naturescaping for diversity • Wildlife corridors • Diversity, Conservation and Stewardship.

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