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Dr. Axel Jung Ricarda van der Heijden Beta Klinik Bonn Dr. Karsten Specht University of Bergen

Non invasive imaging of plants and plant roots in substrate with Nuclear Magnetic Resonant Imaging (NMRI) and (Sub) Terrahertz Imaging (THz). Dr. Axel Jung Ricarda van der Heijden Beta Klinik Bonn Dr. Karsten Specht University of Bergen Prof. Dr. Martin Koch IHF TU Braunschweig

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Dr. Axel Jung Ricarda van der Heijden Beta Klinik Bonn Dr. Karsten Specht University of Bergen

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  1. Non invasive imaging of plants and plant roots in substrate with Nuclear Magnetic Resonant Imaging (NMRI) and (Sub) Terrahertz Imaging (THz) Dr. Axel Jung Ricarda van der Heijden Beta Klinik Bonn Dr. Karsten Specht University of Bergen Prof. Dr. Martin Koch IHF TU Braunschweig Dr. Jörg Vandenhirtz Matthias Eberius Dirk Vandenhirtz LemnaTec

  2. LemnaTec High Throughput Phenotyping Platform

  3. Goal of this joint study: • Can Nuclear Magnetic Resonant Imaging (NMRI) or (Sub) Terrahertz Imaging (Thz) be used for obtaining non invasive and valuable information about plant roots in substrate? • 3D root morphologie • 3D root dynamics • 3D root activity (water distribution) • etc...

  4. Used Plants: Corn Plants in transparent pots:

  5. Siemens MAGNETOM Espree 1.5T NMR settings: * B = 1.5 T TE = 12 ms TR = 5.0 s FoV = 250 x 250 ST = 1 mm * Dr. Peter Blümeler FZ Jülich ICG-3 ecoNMR „MagneticResonance ofplants“ Price: 1.5 Mio Euro

  6. First Results of Dr. Axel Jung, Beta-Klinik, Bonn

  7. First Results of Dr. Axel Jung, Beta-Klinik, Bonn

  8. Problems: • artefacts (debris) in substrate hide roots (H2O + Fe) • low contrast between roots and background • correct setting of NMR has to be researched • -> Contact to Dr. Karsten Specht • Department of Biological and Medical Psychology • University of Bergen, Norway • Research on NMRI • Dr. Specht tried NMRI of his office Plant...

  9. First Results of Dr. Karsten Specht, Uni Bergen: CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL

  10. First Results of Dr. Karsten Specht, Uni Bergen: CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL

  11. NMRI Conclusions: • + Standard medical NMR scanners are able to provide • 3D information about root architecture and dynamics with • mm resolution • + NMRI is a promising tool for non invasive root imaging of plants • o Correct NMR settings for root imaging have to be researched • and optimized • o Peat substrate minimizes H2O and Fe background problems • Measurement time (ca. 20 min.) not suitable for high throughput • - Very expensive (ca. 1.5 Mio Euro)

  12. 9 10 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Complementary option for non invasive and penetrating plant sensors: Visible “THz” Radiowaves Microwaves Infrared Ultraviolet X-Ray 7 8 10 10 Frequency (Hz) THz radation can be considered as high-frequency microwaves or very long waved light. Prof. Dr. Martin Koch Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik TU Braunschweig

  13. Water concentration Fresh leaf 48 hours after it has been cut out First THz image of a leaf with high resolution CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL Bell Labs Lucent Technologies B.B. Hu und M.C. Nuss, Opt. Lett. 20, 1716 (1995)

  14. First Results of Prof. Dr. Martin Koch, Braunschweig: …and measuring the transmission of the sub THz signal THz detector CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL THz transmitter moving a coffee plant between a sub THz transmitter and detector…

  15. The lift and rotating devices of the LemnaTec Phenotyping Platform are already integrated for 3D THz scans in cylindrical coordinates: z f transmitter THz detector Combining 3D THz transmission measurements with visible 3D RGB image data of the LemnaTec Phenotyping Platform

  16. THz Conclusions: + Measurement time (ca. 2 min.) suitable for high throughput + Cheaper as NMRI (ca. 150,000 Euro) + THz is a promising alternative for non invasive 3D imaging of plants + plastic is tranparent for THz radiation -> plastic hydroponics could be used for THz root imaging o Hardware and software for THz root imaging have to be researched and optimized - Resolution 1 cm not suitable for root architecture

  17. Conclusions:

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