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Protcols for Highly-Dynamic Airborne Networks

Protcols for Highly-Dynamic Airborne Networks. Egemen K. Çetinkaya , Justin P. Rohrer, Abdul Jabbar , Mohammed J.F. Alenazi , Dongsheng Zhang, Dan S. Broyles, Kamakshi Sirisha Pathapati , Hemanth Narra , Kevin Peters, Santosh Ajith Gogi , and James P.G. Sterbenz

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Protcols for Highly-Dynamic Airborne Networks

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  1. Protcols for Highly-Dynamic Airborne Networks Egemen K. Çetinkaya, Justin P. Rohrer, Abdul Jabbar, Mohammed J.F. Alenazi, Dongsheng Zhang, Dan S. Broyles, KamakshiSirishaPathapati, HemanthNarra, Kevin Peters, SantoshAjithGogi, and James P.G. Sterbenz Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Kansas Presented by Curtis Kelsey

  2. Overview • Introduction • Motivation • ANTP • AeroTP • AeroNP • AeroRP • AeroGW • Simulation Results • Conclusions • Observations • References

  3. Introduction • Airborne network structure • Predecessors to ANTP • TCP/IP (UDP) • 40 byte packet overhead • Static routing • Transport assumes stable path • No explicit cross-layer info exchange • Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) • Routing relies on non-geographic based links • Space Communications Protocol Standards (SCPS-TP) Dynamic airborne environment

  4. Introduction • Challenges • Limited power (limits range) • Limited RF-spectrum • Intermittent connectivity • Mobility (Speeds up to Mach 3.5) • Data corruption & loss • TCP limits • Assumes all loss is congestion • Handshaking connection setup • Slow-start algorithm

  5. Motivation • Integrated Networked Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) program identified a set of needs • Predecessors do not serve this domain adequately Airborne network protocols Link Stability Analysis

  6. ANTP • Consists of 4 protocols • Aeronautical Transport Protocol (AeroTP) • Aeronautical Network Protocol (AeroNP) • Aeronautical Routing Protocol (AeroRP) • Aeronautical Gateway (AeroGW) • Why? Small contact duration between two TAs. System architecture

  7. AeroTP • Handshake-free connection setup • Transmit peak-rate immediately • Reduced ACK usage; Selective Negative ACK (SNACK) • Header compression • Relay nodes buffer data for retransmit • Connection state info memory • Modes • Reliable (fully TCP compatible) • Nearly-reliable • Quasi-reliable • Best-effort connections • Best-effort datagrams (fully UDP compatible) Data Segment Structure MACK Segment Structure

  8. AeroTP

  9. AeroTP • Control messages used for opening/closing connection • ASYN, ASYNACK,AFIN, AFINACK • Opportunistic connection establishment • Data & control overlap Connection Management State Transition Diagram State Transition Definitions

  10. AeroNP • IP-compatible network protocol • Replicates IP services • Provides • QoS – 4 levels • AeroRPpackets are classed the highest always • C2 given priority over application data • Flow control • Implemented by a cross-layering mechanism with the iNET TDMA MAC layer • Error detection • Corruption Indicator- header error check- cyclic redundancy code (HEC-CRC) • Congestion Indicator (CI) • Specifies node congestion (defers packets from being forwarded) • Geological Information • AN geological information (extended header) • Else, basic header AeroNP Packet Structure

  11. AeroRP • Geographic routing protocol • Per-hop routing decisions • GS Updates • Additional mechanism for neighbor discovery • AN topology info or link info broadcast to other Ans • GSTopology/GSLink advertisements • Operation Modes • Ferrying • Buffer • Drop • Promiscuous • Beacon • Beaconless

  12. AeroRP • Phase 1 • Neighbor discovery • Active snooping • Beacon mode • GS Updates • Phase 2 • Data forwarding • Determine next hop from topology table • Use time-to-intercept (TTI) metric • delta d = Euclidean distance • R = common transmission range • sd = recorded speed

  13. AeroGW • IP - AeroNP translation • TCP/UDP/RTP - AeroTP splicing • Gateways are built into TAs and GSs

  14. AeroGW

  15. Simulation Results • Simulations performed using ns-3 • 1MB of data transmitted • AeroTP • Selective-repeat ARQ used for reliable mode • FEC used for quasi-reliable mode Average goodput Average delay Cumulative goodput Cumulative overhead AeroTP fully-reliable mode Cumulative goodput comparison

  16. Simulation Results • AeroRP • Velocity 1200 m/s • Node density 5 to 60 AeroRP Results Effect of node density on PDR

  17. Conclusions • Existing TCP/IP protocols are not suited for highly-dynamic airborne networks • Prediction of link availability provides significant improvements in end-to-end data delivery (AeroRP) • Further testing required. Planned testing on radio-controlled aircraft.

  18. Presenter’s Observations • Degradation of redundancy = throughput improvements • Introduction of spatial cues increases system knowledge/forcast capability • Cross-layer communication reduces redundancy without reducing information • Per node burden is increased/ more costly nodes

  19. References • (Primary Paper) Cetinkaya, E., & Rohrer, J. (2012). Protocols for highly-dynamic airborne networks. Proceedings of the 18th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, 411–413. Retrieved from http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2348597 • Narra, H., Cetinkaya, E., & Sterbenz, J. (2012). Performance analysis of AeroRP with ground station advertisements. Proceedings of the first ACM …, 43–47. Retrieved from http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2248337&ftid=1233995&dwn=1&CFID=118936837&CFTOKEN=41922410 • Sterbenz, J., Pathapati, K., Nguyen, T., & Rohrer, J. (2011). Performance Analysis of the AeroTP Transport Protocol for Highly-Dynamic Airborne Telemetry Networks. Retrieved from http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA544743 • J. P. Rohrer, E. Perrins, and J. P. G. Sterbenz. End-to-end disruption-tolerant transport protocol issues and design for airborne telemetry networks. In Proceedings of the International Telemetering Conference (ITC), San Diego, CA, October 2008 • A. Jabbar, E. Perrins, and J. P. G. Sterbenz. A cross-layered protocol architecture for highly-dynamic multihop airborne telemetry networks. In Proceedings of the International Telemetering Conference (ITC), San Diego, CA, October 2008. • E. K. ¸Cetinkaya and J. P. G. Sterbenz. Aeronautical Gateways: Supporting TCP/IP-based Devices and Applications over Modern Telemetry Networks. In Proceedings of the International Telemetering Conference (ITC), Las Vegas, NV, October 2009.

  20. Summary • Introduction • Motivation • ANTP • AeroTP • AeroNP • AeroRP • AeroGW • Simulation Results • Conclusions • Observations • References

  21. Questions?

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