THE ORDER OF THINGS

1. THE ORDER OF THINGS MILITARY COMMAND STRUCTURE & WORDS YOU NEED TO SURVIVE THE WAR

2. GERMAN WEHRMACHT • The ARMY=DAS HEER • The NAVY= KRIEGSMARINE • The AIR FORCE= LUFTWAFFE • WAFFEN-SS("armed SS") and STURMABTEILUNG (SA) units occasionally added

4. THEIR COMMAND STRUCTURE WAS A MAJOR FACTOR IN THEIR SUCCESS HITLER-SUPREME COMMANDER MARSHALL VON BRAUHITSCH-COMMANDER AND CHIEF OF THE ARMY HIGH COMMAND WEHRMACHT

5. OKH THREE ARMY GROUPS: GROUP A-RUNDSTEDT GROUP B- BOCK GROUP C-LEEB LUFTWAFFE (OKL) NAVY (OKM) BASCIALLY THE SAME SET UP

6. THE ALLIES LACKED COORDINATED COMMAND STRUCTURE EACH NATION EARLY IN THE WAR ACTED AS AN INDIVIDUAL

7. Abteilung (Abt.) -- detachment, section, battalion Alte Hasen -- Old hares; military veterans who survived front-line hardships Ami -- slang for an American Soldier Armeekorps -- infantry corps Aufklärung --reconnaissance GERMAN MILITARY JARGON Armeeoberkommando– Field Army Command

8. Blitzkrieg -- lightning war Erwin Rommel, Heinz Guderian, and Erich von Manstein Deutsches Afrika Korps (DAK) -- troops sent to North Africa under the command of Erwin Rommel Eagle's Nest -- name given to Hitler's mountain-top home at Berchtesgaden in the Bavarian Alps Einheit -- detachment or unit Einsatz -- duty, mission

9. Einsatzgruppen -- battalion-sized, mobile killing units Enigma -- German message encryption equipment. Fallschirmjäger -- paratroopers; German airborne troops FlaK--air defense gun Gestapo-- Geheime Staatspolizei, secret state police Granatwerfer -- grenade thrower; mortar Grenadier -- traditional term for heavy infantry Ivan -- German slang for a Soviet soldier

10. Kampfgeist -- fighting spirit Krieg- -- wartime-, war Mannschaften -- enlisted personnel Oberbefehlshaber des Heeres (Ob.d.H.) -- Commander-in-Chief of the Army. Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH) -- Army High Command; Army General Staff. Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine -- Navy High Command Oberkommando der Luftwaffe -- Supreme Command of the Air Force Oberkommando der Wehrmacht -- Armed Forces High Command

11. Allied WAR terms

12. AA---Anti-Aircraft AAC (Army Air Corps)-- name of the aviation branch of the U.S. Army until June 20, 1941 when it was changed to AAF Abwehr--intelligence and counter-espionage service of the German High Command Ace--a pilot who has shot down five aircraft AFV--(Armored Fighting Vehicle) Anti-personnel--designed to primarily kill/wound people Amphibious ships—specialized ships for amphibious landings and supporting troops on hostile beaches

13. Anzac--Australian and New Zealand Army Corps Bangalores -a metal tube packed with high explosives, used by the Allies for cutting through barbed wire, blowing up railway tracks, detonating buried mines, and as an element in booby traps. banzai attack-a wild suicide charge conducted by Japanese troops Barrage--Fire which is designed to fill a volume of space or area rather than aimed specifically at a given target. Battery-the basic unit of artillery: 4, 6 or 8 guns of the same type grouped together

14. BAR--Browning Automatic Rifle.

15. CAP--(Combat Air Patrol) - a defensive screen of fighters over a ship or other asset CBI--(China-Burma-India) theater Corvette--small anti-submarine vessel based on a whale catcher design Cruiser--a fast ship equipped with a powerful armament of 6 or 8 inch guns Destroyer (DD)--the workhorse of the Navy. Initially tasked with fending off attacks by torpedo boats, World War II saw their role and importance expand greatly - they did everything.

16. Division--A major administrative and tactical unit/formation which combines in itself the necessary arms and services required for sustained combat, larger than a regiment/brigade and smaller than a corps. DUKW  'duck‘--(Duplex Universal Carrier, Wheeled) 2½ ton amphibious truck. Flagship--the ship in a fleet that the highest ranking commanding officer chooses to command from accompanied by his staff

17. Garand-American M1 0.30in cal rifle ‘Grease Gun‘--American M3/M3A1 submachine gun Half-track--armored fighting vehicle that uses a combination of tracks and wheels. Howitzer-artillery which lobes shells on a parabolic trajectory to plunge down on targets. barrel length between 23 and 39 calibers Liberty ship--mass produced cargo ship LST--landing ship, tank LVT--landing vehicle, tracked  'Buffalo' amphibious tractor (amtrac)

18. Machinengewehr MG42--one of the best machineguns ever made. Milk run--a relatively safe combat mission Napalm--mixture of gasoline and a thickening agent. Aluminum salts of napathenic acid and palmitic acid used for this purpose gave us the term napalm. The thick jelly-like material burns at up to 1830° F. (1000° C.) and clings to anything it touches. NKVD (Narodnyy Komisariat Vnutrennikh Del)-- Soviet secret police, predecessor to the KGB. Pillbox--a small low concrete emplacement for machine guns and antitank weapons Seabees--nickname for naval construction battalions (CBs) SNLF--Japanese navy ground forces (Japanese marines)

19. GERMAN MILITARY RANKS WITH AMERICAN EQUIVALENTS

20. Generalfeldmarschall – General of the Army Generaloberst – General General-Leutnant – Major-General Generalmajor – Brigadier-General Oberst – Colonel Oberstleutnant – Lieutenant Colonel Major – Major Hauptmann – Captain Oberleutnant – First Lieutenant Leutnant – Second Lieutenant Hauptfeldwebel – Sergeant-Major Feldwebel – Staff Sergeant Unteroffizier – Sergeant Obergefreiter – Corporal Gefreiter – Private First Class Grenadier/Schütze – Private

21. MILITARY COMMAND SET UP START BIG AND END SMALL

22. US ARMY

23. COMPANY: typically the smallest Army element to be given a designation and affiliation with higher headquarters at battalion and brigade level. This alphanumeric and branch designation causes an "element" to become a "unit."

24. Squad - 9 to 10 soldiers. Typically commanded by a sergeant or staff sergeant, a squad or section is the smallest element in the Army structure, and its size is dependent on its function. • Platoon - 16 to 44 soldiers. A platoon is led by a lieutenant with an NCO as second in command, and consists of two to four squads or sections.

25. Company - 62 to 190 soldiers. Three to five platoons form a company, which is commanded by a captain with a first sergeant as the commander's principle NCO assistant. An artillery unit of equivalent size is called a battery, and a comparable armored or air cavalry unit is called a troop.

26. Battalion - 300 to 1,000 soldiers. Four to six companies make up a battalion, which is normally commanded by a lieutenant colonel with a command sergeant major as principle NCO assistant. A battalion is capable of independent operations of limited duration and scope. An armored or air cavalry unit of equivalent size is called a squadron.

27. Brigade- 3,000 to 5,000 solders. A brigade headquarters commands the tactical operation of two to five organic or attached combat battalions. Normally commanded by a colonel with a command sergeant major as senior NCO, brigades are employed on independent or semi-independent operations. Armored cavalry, ranger and special forces units this size are categorized as regiments or groups.

28. Division- 10,000 to 15,000 soldiers. Usually consisting of three brigade-sized elements and commanded by a major general, divisions are numbered and assigned missions based on their structures. The division performs major tactical operations for the corps and can conduct sustained battles and engagements.

29. Corps- 20,000 to 45,000 soldiers. Two to five divisions constitute a corps, which is typically commanded by a lieutenant general. As the deployable level of command required to synchronize and sustain combat operations, the corps provides the framework for multi-national operations.

30. Army- 50,000 + soldiers. Typically commanded by a lieutenant general or higher, an army combines two or more corps. A theater army is the ranking Army component in a unified command, and it has operational and support responsibilities that are assigned by the theater commander in chief. The commander in chief and theater army commander may order formation of a field army to direct operations of assigned corps and divisions. An army group plans and directs campaigns in a theater, and is composed of two or more field armies under a designated commander. Army groups have not been employed by the Army since World War II.

31. There is not set number of troops for any element • Usually size is determined by mission • Aviation Comp. would be larger than infantry Comp. • US ARMY HAD TRIANGULAR DIVISIONS—IT CUT OUT REGIMENTAL LEVELS • CALVARY---IS AN EXCEPTION • THEY HAVE SQUARDRONS & TROOPS

32. Private-lowest rank of enlisted men Private First Class-Grade above private. Corporal-Lowest non-commissioned officer, often commands a squad. Sergeant-Non Commissioned Officer above a Corporal. Master Sergeant-The lead non-commissioned officer at the battalion and sometimes higher levels. Sergeant Major--The key enlisted member of a battalion. Command Sergeant--Carries out standards, performances, training, and conduct to soldiers. Sergeant Major- of the ArmyHighest rank for a soldier.

33. Second Lieutenant--Lowest ranking commissioned officer. First Lieutenant-May command platoons or companies. Captain-A captain usually commands a company with a battalion. Major- Serves as a staff officer to a regiment or division commander Lieutenant Colonel-Usually commands a battalion made up of 300 to 1,000 soldiers. A battalion is within a regiment.

34. Colonel-Usually commands a regiment within a division. Brigadier General-Commands a brigade within a division. Major General-Commands a division which is 10,000 to 15,000 soldiers. Three Star General-An officer in the Army, Air Force, or Marines who is above the rank of Major is a Three Star General Four Star General-Only officers who show great leadership and loyalty become four-star generals. The Five Star General rank was first created on December 14, 1944. Only four Army Generals have held this position. George C. MarshalDouglas MacArthurDwight D. Eisenhower Omar N. Bradley