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CN1276 Server

CN1276 Server. Kemtis Kunanuraksapong MSIS with Distinction MCTS, MCDST, MCP, A+. Agenda. Chapter 3: Working with Active Directory Sites Quiz Exercise. AD Structure. Logical structure Forest, domains, trees, OUs Manage by AD Users and Computers Physical structure

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CN1276 Server

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  1. CN1276 Server Kemtis Kunanuraksapong MSIS with Distinction MCTS, MCDST, MCP, A+

  2. Agenda • Chapter 3: Working with Active Directory Sites • Quiz • Exercise

  3. AD Structure • Logical structure • Forest, domains, trees, OUs • Manage by AD Users and Computers • Physical structure • How information passes through the LAN/WAN • Manage by AD Sites and Services

  4. Default-First-Site-Name • By default, it will be created when you install your forest root

  5. Sites • Defined by IP subnets that are well-connected • Multiple sites will be joined together by site links • Intersite replication • Traffic will be compressed • Intrasite replication • AD sites are independent of the logical structure of AD.

  6. Replication Process • Replication topology • When, How, and where will it replicate • Replication will occur • An object is added or removed from AD • The value of an attribute has changed • The name of an object has changed

  7. Replication Process • Each DC maintains the object by • Update sequence number (USN) • version ID • Time-stamp • Bridgehead server • A gate keeper between sites for replication • AD convergence • The amount of time that it takes for replication process to take place

  8. Intrasite replication • A replication between DCs in the same site • Knowledge Consistency Checker (KCC) • To map the logical network topology • KCC select replication partners and create connection objects • Connection object is a one-way connection

  9. Intrasite replication (Cont.) • KCC’s selection of replication partners • Rule of three • No single DC should be more than three network hops away from any DC that can originate a change to the AD database • KCC can be set manually, however, manual settings will override the automatic process

  10. Intrasite replication (Cont.) • KCC minimize latency in intrasite replication in a number of ways • Dual counter-rotating ring – if left side go down, it will go right instead • As the site grows, new connection objects will be made to ensure three hops distance • DCs use change notification, 15 seconds before forwarding and 3 seconds interval of forwarding

  11. Viewing Active Directory Connection Objects • Open the Active Directory Sites and Services MMC snap-in. • Click the Sites folder, select the desired site, and then click the Servers folder. • Expand the server name for which you wish to view connection objects and right-click NTDS Settings. -> Properties.

  12. Manage a site plan • Rename default-first-site-name • Define the subnet for each site • Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) • 192.168.40.0/24 • Each site will be connected by site link • One DC within each site runs the Intersite Topology Generator (ISTG)

  13. Manage a site plan (Cont.) • Site link has three attributes • Cost • A lower numbered cost value will be chosen over a higher numbered cost value. Default value is 100 (1-99,999) • Schedule • Determines when the link is available to replicate information • Frequency • Determines how often information will be replicated

  14. Replication Protocol • Remote Procedure Calls over Internet Protocol (RPC over IP) • Use both authentication and encryption • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) • An alternative solution for intersite replication • Use asynchronous replication • each replication transaction does not need to complete before another can start. • Require an enterprise certification authority (CA) • SMTP does not adhere to schedules

  15. Designative a bridgehead server • You can override the automatic designation by establishing a list of preferred bridgehead servers • Bridgehead server should have the fastest processor • Compress/decompress replication data • Send/receive replication data

  16. Monitoring Replication • Dcdiag • Perform connectivity and replication tests, reporting errors that occur • Report DNS registration problems • Analyze the permissions required for replication • Analyze the state of DCs within the forest • repadmin

  17. Monitoring Replication (Cont.) • Repadmin • View the replication topology from the perspective of each DC • Manually create a replication topology if site link bridging is disabled • Force replication between DCs

  18. Assignment • Fill in the blank • 1-10 • Multiple Choice • 1-10 • Online Lab 3

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