Week # 5 Q.4 ( 4/21)

1. Today in I.S.… Week # 5 Q.4 (4/21) Homework: Progress reports Friday I.S. Learning Goal: I can analyze the factors used to explain structure and function of the various layers of the Earth • Activities/Assignments: • Atmosphere poster • Begin graphing activity of atmospheric layers Fact: The Earth is wrapped in a layer of gas called atmosphere. Atmosphere is tied to Earth by gravitation, so that it cannot disperse in the space. It is 500 km (300 mi) thick, being made of a mix of about 10 gases, called air. Warm Up: week 5 Which layer of atmosphere contains ozone? http://www.ozonelayer.noaa.gov/science/basics.htm

2. 1. Read Article- The Earth’s Atmosphere • *only read introduction, layers and your assigned layer- write on paper. • 2. Underline/highlight the main ideas • 3. In margin of each paragraph write the key point(s) • 4. In group compare #2 & 3 • 5. Put answer onto handout Data Table 1

3. 6. Rotate groups so that each group has a person 1 person 2 person 3 person 4 7. Each person is responsible to teach you about the layer of the atmosphere *Each person choose a color (different) * Each person write their name in their color on paper *teach group about your layer of the atmosphere on butcher paper and have remainder of group members copy onto handout

4. Today in I.S.… Week # 5 Q.4 (4/22) Homework: Progress reports Friday I.S. Learning Goal: I can analyze the factors used to explain structure and function of the various layers of the Earth • Activities/Assignments: • Complete Student worksheet-atmosphere • Graphing activity of atmospheric layers Fact: The Earth's atmosphere is more than just the air we breathe. It's also a buffer that keeps us from being peppered by meteorites, a screen against deadly radiation, and the reason radio waves can be bounced for long distances around the planet. Warm Up: What do you think happens to the pressure(force) of air as you go up in elevation from the surface of the Earth? http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/air_pressure/

5. Today in I.S.… Week # 5 Q.4 (4/24&25) Homework: Progress reports Friday I.S. Learning Goal: I can analyze the factors used to explain structure and function of the various layers of the Earth • Activities/Assignments: • Complete Student worksheet-atmosphere • Graphing activity of atmospheric layers • Atmosphere history • Video – atmosphere+ handout Fact: How did life evolve on Earth during the Archean, when the Sun was about 25% weaker than today? The Earth should have been glaciated, if greenhouse gas concentration was the same as today. Researchers studying the isotopic signatures of Earth's early atmosphere in rocks from Northern Australia have ruled out high levels of nitrogen as a possible way to increase warming from atmospheric carbon dioxide. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dz4fgG9ZCIc Warm Up: + reflection Do you think the atmosphere has changed through Earths 4.6 billion years? Explain.

6. Table of Contents for Quarter 4 IS

7. What is the Atmosphere? Page 13 Atmosphere – Very thin envelope of gases that surrounds Earth • Used by living organisms for chemical compounds/nutrients (I.e., O2, CO2, H2O, N2) • Has no outer boundary, just fades into space

8. Past & Present Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere Page 13 The composition of the Earth’s atmosphere has changed since the formation of the Earth. How old is the Earth according to the Nebular Hypothesis? Earth has had approximately 3 different atmospheres over the course of 4 billion years. What gases made up Earth’s original atmosphere? 1. Earth’s First Atmosphere The Earth’s first atmosphere was mainly helium (He)& hydrogen (H). DRAW

9. Past & Present Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere Page 13 Draw 2. Earth’s Second Atmosphere Volcanic emissions later added carbon dioxide CO2, nitrogen N, water H2O , sulfur dioxide SO2 & other elements. No free O2 at this time Large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) from volcanoes caused the Earth’s past climate to be warmer than today’s. Without carbon dioxide, no life could be present on Earth. Ocean formation occurs due to presence of H2O in atmosphere

10. Past Atmospheric Composition Earth and the Early Atmosphere | Big History Project http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gyn754vw8ZQ

11. Past & Present Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere Page 13 3. Today’s Atmosphere • Nitrogen (N2)- 78% • Oxygen (O2)- 21% • Argon (Ar) – 0.9% • Carbon Dioxide (CO2) - 0.03% • Other miscellaneous gases (I.e., H2O).

12. Page13 (Today’s) Atmosphere • Today’s atmosphere is mainly Nitrogen(N2) & Oxygen (O2 & O3). • Where did the Oxygen (O2 & O3) come from? • As plant life “blossomed” on Earth, so did the amount of O2 & O3 because oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis. • Photosynthesis: process by which plants make their own food in the form of sugars.

13. Page13 (Today’s) Atmosphere • Today’s atmosphere is mainly Nitrogen(N2) & Oxygen (O2 & O3). • Why such an increase in Nitrogen? • N2 is a byproduct of life(decomposition, feces, cell make-up), so the more life on Earth, the more Nitrogen entering the atmosphere!

14. (Today’s) Atmosphere Page13 • Today’s atmosphere is mainly Nitrogen(N2) & Oxygen (O2 & O3). • Why is there more Oxygen compared to Carbon dioxide (CO2)? • The amount of plant life far exceeds the amount of animal life on Earth, therefore photosynthesis creates much more oxygen than respiration(process that animals do to breath) creates CO2. Atmosphere Origins of the Atmosphere http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/channel/videos/origins-of-the-atmosphere/