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Understanding Earth's Atmosphere Layers

Learn about Earth's troposphere and stratosphere, from temperature changes to the impact of infrared radiation and turbulence, including the ozone layer's importance and destruction.

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Understanding Earth's Atmosphere Layers

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  1. Earth’s atmosphere www.theozonehole.com

  2. Troposphere (Clockwise from top left) theozonehole.com; kshs.org; img.whynot.gif.com • Layer closest to the surface • 10 miles thick (1 mile = 1.61 kilometers) • Weather breeder

  3. Troposphere • air temperature decreases as altitude increases • air becomes colder the higher you go • because of decreasing Infrared radiation (IR) • IR is the heat released by the Earth’s surface www.windows2universe.org

  4. Troposphere • Infrared Radiation (IR) is heat released by the Earth’s radiation www.helpsavetheclimate.com Is sunlight hot?

  5. Troposphere – very little air; very low atmospheric pressure www.hamton.com.au www.mountain 7.com

  6. What is atmospheric pressure? Pressure is force divided by area. Atmospheric pressure is the force exerted by the atmosphere over the Earth’s surface. From left: dogfoose.com; kids.earth.nasa.gov

  7. What is atmospheric pressure? Atmospheric pressure goes down the higher you go. www.kentchemistry.com

  8. Troposphere – has strong winds called jetstreams whyfiles.org

  9. Troposphere • Layer closest to the surface • Weather breeder • Air temperature goes down as you go up • Atmospheric pressure goes down as you go up

  10. Stratosphere • 40km thick (1 mile = 1.61 km) • Most commercial aircraft fly at this layer • Contains the ozone layer upload.wikimedia.org

  11. Most commercial planes fly at the stratosphere. www.free-online-private-pilot-ground-school.com • Little turbulence • Turbulence is the up,down movement of air • Caused by convection currents

  12. Turbulence is caused by convection currents in the troposphere. What is a convection current? bmsscience8209.edublogs.org • Hot air goes up (lower density) • Cold air goes down (higher density) • Currents of hot air are called thermals

  13. Thermalling is a strategy of flying used by raptors (birds of prey). They use currents of hot air to fly instead of spending energy beating their wings. • Hot air goes up (lower density) • Cold air goes down (higher density) • Currents of hot air are called thermals

  14. Air temperature goes up in the Stratosphere. • Heat energy is released when ozone molecules are formed. • Chemical bonds need energy to be broken. • Chemical bonds release energy when formed. www.fas.org

  15. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer. • Made of ozone molecules (3 oxygen atoms) • Blocks harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun

  16. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer. • The ozone molecules are being destroyed by harmful gases such as Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s)

  17. Stratosphere • Layer next to the troposphere • Very little turbulence so planes fly there • Air temperature goes up • Contains the ozone layer • The ozone layer is being destroyed by harmful gases

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