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Ethics in Business Research: Dilemmas, Responsibilities, and Codes of Conduct

This chapter explores the ethical issues in business research, covering topics such as harm prevention, ethical violations, ethical approaches, informed consent, participant confidentiality, data collection in cyberspace, and effective codes of ethics.

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Ethics in Business Research: Dilemmas, Responsibilities, and Codes of Conduct

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  1. Chapter 5 Ethics in Business Research

  2. Learning Objectives Understand • what issues are covered in research ethics • the goal of “no harm” for all research activities and what constitutes no harm for participant, researcher, and research sponsor

  3. Learning Objectives • differing ethical dilemmas and responsibilities of researchers, sponsors, and research assistants • role of ethical codes of conduct in professional associations

  4. Types of Ethical Violations Violating disclosure agreements Misrepresenting results Breaking confidentiality Deceiving participants Padded invoices Avoiding legal liability

  5. Procter & Gamble • Admits to competitive intelligence gathering • Contracted BI firm took documents from Unilever trash receptacles • Out-of-court settlement rumored (and reported) at $10m

  6. Ethical Approaches Deontology Ethical Relativism Ethical standards

  7. Ethical Approaches How would you assess the P&G case using the two ethical approaches? Deontology Ethical Relativism

  8. Ethical Codes of Conduct

  9. Exhibit 5-1 Ethical issues at all stages of the research process

  10. Ethical Treatment of Participants Explain study benefits Explain participant rights and protections Obtain informed consent

  11. Identify researchers Describe survey topic Describe target sample Identify sponsor Describe purpose of research Promise anonymity and confidentiality Give “good-faith” estimate of required time commitment State participation is voluntary State item-non response is acceptable Ask for permission Components of Informed Consent

  12. Characteristics ofInformed Consent Competence Elements Knowledge Voluntary Informed

  13. Ethical Responsibilities • Special guidelines apply to children! • Informed consent means parental approval

  14. Deception Disguising non-research activities Camouflaging true research objectives

  15. Debriefing Explain any deception Describe purpose Share results Provide follow-up

  16. Obtain signed nondisclosure Non- disclosure of data subsets Restrict access to ID Minimize instruments requiring ID Reveal only with written consent Participant Confidentiality

  17. Right to Privacy Right to refuse Prior permission to interview Limit time required

  18. Data Collection in Cyberspace Data Mining European Union

  19. The U.S. Safe Harbor Agreement Notice Choice Access Onward Transfer Security Data Integrity Enforcement

  20. Confidentiality Sponsor Nondisclosure Purpose Nondisclosure Findings Nondisclosure

  21. Explain problems Terminate relationship What to do if coerced? Educate on purpose Emphasize fact-finding role

  22. Regulate Enforceable Specify Behavior Protect Effective Codes of Ethics

  23. Code of ethics Confidentiality Debriefing Deception Ethics Informed consent Nondisclosure Findings Purpose Sponsor Right to privacy Right to quality Right to safety Key Terms

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