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Classical Literacy Terms

Classical Literacy Terms. Introductory. A.D./anno Domini. "in the year of the Lord," designating the time period after Christ's birth. A.M./ante meridiem. "before midday," in the morning, before noon. P.M. / post meridem. “after midday” after noon. Achilles' heel.

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Classical Literacy Terms

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  1. Classical Literacy Terms Introductory

  2. A.D./anno Domini "in the year of the Lord," designating the time period after Christ's birth

  3. A.M./ante meridiem "before midday," in the morning, before noon

  4. P.M. / post meridem “after midday” after noon

  5. Achilles' heel : literally refers to the heel of Achilles (a character from the Iliad who killed Hector) — his heel was the only place on his body that could be pierced, thus killing him; figuratively, it refers to a weak spot

  6. ad infinitum "to infinity," to continue forever, without limit

  7. ad nauseam "to the point of sickness" - doing/saying something over and over until everyone is sick and tired of it

  8. Aegean Sea sea to the west of Greece; named after King Aegeus after he drowned himself in the sea thinking his son Theseus was dead

  9. agenda "the things that must be done" - a to-do list

  10. agora/forum market place/business center

  11. ambrosia and nectar the food of the gods; some believe it kept them immortal

  12. Aphrodite/Venus: goddess of love

  13. Apollo/Apollo: god of the sun, light, reason, and the lyre

  14. apple of discord literally, the apple that Eris (goddess of strife) threw in front of Hera, Aphrodite, and Athena to cause a dispute over who was the fairest; figuratively, anything which causes a dispute

  15. aqueduct a system created by the Romans which carried water over long distances

  16. Arachne challenged Athena to a weaving contest and was turned into a spider for her excessive pride

  17. Ares/Mars god of war

  18. Ariadne the daughter of king Minos of Crete, who helped Theseus escape from the labyrinth after he killed the minotaur

  19. Artemis/Diana goddess of the hunt

  20. Athena/Minerva goddess of wisdom

  21. Athens/Acropolis a polis (city-state) in Greece, center of art and philosophy, named after Athena (its patron goddess); the Acropolis was the hill in Athens where many temples (including the Parthenon, the temple to Athena) were located

  22. Atlas titan who had to hold up the heavens on his shoulders as punishment for rebelling against Zeus

  23. ego "I"

  24. e.g./exempli gratia "for the sake of an example" - abbreviation used when providing an example

  25. e pluribus unum "one out of many" - found on most US minted coins and the back of the dollar bill

  26. Dionysus/Bacchus god of wine and revelry; son of Zeus and Semele

  27. Demeter/Ceres goddess of grain, the harvest, and the seasons; mother of Persephone/Proserpina

  28. Delphic Oracle the oracle of Apollo; people visited the oracle for guidance and predictions of the future

  29. Cyclops one-eyed children of Ouranos/Uranus and Gaea (Mother Earth); sided with Zeus during the war with the Titans; were helpers of the smith-god Hephaestus

  30. Cronus/Saturn one of the 12 Titans, father of Zeus/Jupiter, who swallowed his children in an attempt to keep from being overthrown

  31. cornucopia "horn of plenty" a symbol of food and abundance Why was this called the Cornucopia in The Hunger Games?

  32. consul the highest political office in the Roman Republic; 2 were elected every year

  33. Colosseum: the arena for gladiatorial games in Rome (also known as the Flavian Amphitheater)

  34. Circus Maximus a large horse and chariot racing track in Rome

  35. Charon the ferryman for the river Styx going into the underworld

  36. Chaos a state of disorganized matter from which the gods and the world were created

  37. Cerberus the three-headed dog that guarded the gates of the Underworld

  38. cave canem "beware of the dog"

  39. Carthage the city in Northern Africa that the Romans fought and destroyed during the Punic Wars (264-146 BC.)

  40. carpe diem "seize the day"

  41. Caesar usually referring to Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator who was assassinated on the Ides of March (March 15th) 44 BCE

  42. Augustus first emperor of the Roman Empire; adopted son of Julius Caesar; member of the 2nd Triumvirate; also known as Octavian

  43. atrium reception hall (like the living room) in a Roman house

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