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Emergency Communications

This guide covers essential equipment and battery options for effective emergency communications in various situations. Learn about different battery types, their characteristics, and best practices to ensure reliable communication during emergencies.

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Emergency Communications

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  1. Emergency Communications Agenda • Emergency Communications – Single Station - Spontaneous situation • Equipment • Resource Material • Life Support • Preparation Tips • Emergency Communications – Communication Unit - Large scale problem and all hands on deck • The various responding organizations • Training Requirements and Suggestions • Getting Started

  2. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Preparation Tips • Depends on commitment level • Plan • Implement – Train or Experience • Review and Start Over

  3. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Handi Talkie • Two – if you can • Primary / dual band • Most Options • Programmable • Durable / Robust / Simple • min features to go wrong • Less battery draw

  4. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Batteries Power Batteries: Type Nicad Nickel Metal Hydride Lithium Ion

  5. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #1 4.1. Nickel Cadmium (Ni-Cd) Nickel Cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries were the standard technology for years, but today they are out of date and new laptops don't use them anymore. They are heavy and very prone to the "memory effect". When recharging a NiCd battery that has not been fully discharged, it "remembers" the old charge and continues there the next time you use it. The memory effect is caused by crystallization of the battery's substances and can permanently reduce your battery's lifetime, even make it useless. To avoid it, you should completely discharge the battery and then fully recharge it again at least once every few weeks. As this battery contains cadmium, a toxic material, it should always be recycled or disposed of properly. NiCad batteries, and to a some degree NiMH batteries, suffer from what's called the memory effect. Memory Effect means that if a battery is repeatedly only partially discharged before recharging, the battery will forget that it can further discharge. The best way to prevent this situation is to fully charge and discharge your battery on a regular basis. www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Battery-Powered/battery.html

  6. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #2 4.2. Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) batteries are the cadmium-free replacement for NiCad. They are less affected by the memory effect than NiCdand thus require less maintenance and conditioning. However, they have problems at very high or low room temperatures. And even though they use less hazardous materials (i.e., they do not contain heavy metals), they cannot be fully recycled yet. Another main difference between NiCad and NiMH is that NiMH battery offers higher energy density than NiCads. In other words, the capacity of a NiMH is approximately twice the capacity of its NiCad counterpart. What this means for you is increased run-time from the battery with no additional bulk or weight. www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Battery-Powered/battery.html

  7. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #3 4.3. Lithium Ion (Li-ion) Lithium Ion (Li-ion) are the new standard for portable power. Li-ion batteries produce the same energy as NiMH but weighs approximately 20%-35% less. They do not suffer significantly from the memory effect unlike their NiMH and Ni-Cd counterparts. Their substances are non-hazardous to the 0. Because lithium ignites very easily, they require special handling. Unfortunately, few consumer recycling programs have been established for Li-ion batteries at this point in time. www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Battery-Powered/battery.html

  8. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #4 How Many?, How big (Mah)?, Type ?

  9. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #5

  10. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Misc…

  11. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Equipment • In the vehicle • VHF • Radio • Best is cross band – Kenwood V71 • Must be comfortable with it • Emails???? • Signalink • Computer • Power • Car Battery Isolator • Run radio off of separate batteries • Transportation • Antenna • Mag Mount – Spare? • Pizza Pan Ground

  12. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station

  13. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Equipment • In the vehicle / Portable • HF REALLY? • Radio: All Band • Yaesu 857D, ($ 750) • 817/8* • Icom 7100, 7000, 706 MkIIG ($ 820) • Icom 7200* • Why • Personal Local / Long Distance • Portable ops (Red Cross) • Challenges • Require added infrastructure

  14. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Equipment • Vehicle / Portable • Antenna • Depends on purpose –? • Ham Stick – Vehicle mount (Single Band) • NVIS / Single Band Dipole 40/80 • Mast requirements • Painters pole • Yard Stakes • Parachute Cord • Tripod? • Tuner? • Manual / Auto • Radio/Freq Compatible?

  15. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station Go Boxes Gator Cases: Ammo Boxes

  16. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Equipment - Portable • Power • Battery Isolator (marine pictured) • Run radio off of separate batteries • Battery & Solar • Deep Cycle / Marine • Solare Panel (100watt, 8amp)

  17. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station

  18. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station

  19. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Resource Material • Items to Carry • Contacts, including Lat and Long for family and friends • Full information, including class, of all known amateur operators • Full contact information for County and State officials • Local repeater information including public safety • Known frequencies on non-amateur radio – CB Channel 9 and 19 • Maps and Compass • Winlink frequencies • Spare Forms • 214 • 213 • 205 • Others? • Format of Material • Hard bound binder • Flash Card – requires a computer

  20. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Maps

  21. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Life Support • Critical Items • Water and food • Medication and First Aid • Sun Protection • Identification and Cash • How many days? • Spare clothes and shoes • Time of Year • Cold vs Hot • Others?

  22. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Single Station • Preparation Tips • Depends on commitment level • Plan • Implement – Train or Experience • Review and Start Over

  23. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Communications Unit • Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES) • Established by the ARRL in 1935 • ARRL signed an MOU with FEMA in 2014 with an update due soon • ARES is the chosen organization for emergency communications • ARES provides a majority of communications training on behalf of FEMA • ARESMAT – ARES member ready, willing and able to travel to support local ARES efforts

  24. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Communications Unit • Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES)

  25. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Communications Unit • Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES) • Established by the FCC in 1952 • Allows President to order radio silence • All frequencies devoted to use by the President • Only registered operators may communicate when national unrest is declared • Not an actual organization • RACES is an group of people that: • Offer their equipment and expertise to be used when national unrest is declared • Certified by Local Safety Organization . . .County / City

  26. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Communications Unit • Organizations - Others • Cal OES - Communications Reserve • Military Auxiliary Radio System (MARS) - Military • Shared Resource System (SHARES) – Little known US Government sponsored coordination for HF • Federal Emergency Management Agency (FNARS) – FEMA HF network tested daily • Radio Emergency Associated Communications Teams (REACT) – Operators on CB, GMRS, FRS & MURS • American Red Cross and Salvation Army Communications Units • Local Amateur Radio Clubs like PARS

  27. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Communications Unit • Organizations – ICS Structure

  28. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Communications Unit • Sheriff’s Communication Reserve • Comm Reserve is an on-demand team of communications professionals. • BCSCR members set up tactical repeaters and • IP infrastructure, program / keyload subscribers, • maintain repeater sites and draft incident communications plans.

  29. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Communications Unit • Sheriff’s Communication Reserve

  30. Emergency Communications Emergency Communications – Communications Unit • Preparation Tips • FEMA Training - FEMA Identification Number • ICS 100, 200, 700, 800 • Free On-Line and at own pace • FEMA courses • Formal Message Handling • Get involved

  31. Emergency Communications

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