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Harnessing youth participation to overcome middle income trap

Harnessing youth participation to overcome middle income trap. Haidy Ear- Dupuy ADB’s NGO and Civil Society Center Regional Sustainable Development Department. Asia’s 6% GDP from 1960-2010. Structural Change Migration Labor Contribution to Development. Re-Emergence of Asia.

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Harnessing youth participation to overcome middle income trap

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  1. Harnessing youth participation to overcome middle income trap • Haidy Ear-Dupuy • ADB’s NGO and Civil Society Center • Regional Sustainable Development Department

  2. Asia’s 6% GDP from 1960-2010 Structural Change Migration Labor Contribution to Development

  3. Re-Emergence of Asia • Asia accounted for about 60% of world economy before Industrial Revolution • In the following two centuries, Asia’s share declined to 15% • Asia’s share today is 28% • Asia began to re-emerge after 1950, spurred first by Japan, followed closely by the NICs • Starting in 1980s, first PRC then India gave further boost

  4. Asia 2050: Asian Century Two scenarios: Asia Century (AC, high case) and Middle Income Trap (MIT, low case) scenarios. AC not Preordained: income disparities, environmental challenges, resources limitation, governance, climate changes

  5. The Asian century Per cap incomes similar to Europe today; No poor country. Asian century driven by Asia 7: India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, PRC, Republic of Korea, and Thailand projected to account for 91% of Asia’s growth between 2010-2050.

  6. What’s next for Middle Income? More Value Addition and growth with inclusion and equity • Better skills • Beyond factory to services and knowledge-based • Deepening interaction and participation—more inclusion • Connecting economics to governance • Role of the people—youth energy

  7. Youth inclusion

  8. Youth: a precious natural resource

  9. Asian Youth cares about governance • Deepening Intergenerational engagement • Better skill-higher value • More interaction with government—Balanced approach to governance • More responsive governments—supply and demand • Governance matters to youth • Global Opening Government Survey 2013: 50,000 responses from 61 countries “80% from Mongolia, 82% in Indonesia-want government to be more open”

  10. As countries get richer, their citizens demand a greater say-voice-in defining the country’s goals

  11. Good governance matters to growth and development • “The manner in which power is exercised in the management of a country’s social and economic resources for development” (ADB 2000) • Worldwide Governance Indicators • MDBs give it a high weight (ADB-ADF, World Bank- IDA) • UN proposing good governance as a post-MDG target • 2012 survey in 90 countries: People rated it as top priority after education and health

  12. Income and governance dimensions ADB’s Asian Development Outlook 2013

  13. Income and voice

  14. Middle income and voice

  15. Inclusive policy making Bottom up Budgeting Planning Resourcing Story telling MfDR framework Evaluation Implementation Monitoring CSO/youth participation Citizen’s Report Card

  16. Tools for engaging with youth • Citizen’s Voice and Action • Grassroots Budgeting • Participatory Governance • eGovernance

  17. Government partnership

  18. Asian Youth in action • ANSA’s Check My School program/Banthay.PH • Youth’s Philippines Good Governance Summit • National Youth Commission on Grassroot budgeting • ADB’s Asian Youth Forum New Delhi 2013—Youth Debate on critical policy issues-Kazakhstan 2014 • UN Technical working group on youth • Due to the participation of youth in the 5th General Meeting of Network of Asian River Basin Organizations (NARBO), NARBO is now preparing a new program for young professionals. • Korea Water Forum 2015 will include youth water organizations—inclusion in policy discussion

  19. institutional development and governance • Stem and reverse the decline in governance – more than dealing with corruption—develop trust • More transparent and accountable governance • Effective decentralization • Requires strengthening of institutions and building new ones • Increased voice and participation of citizenry

  20. conclusion • There is a correlation between wealth and demand for better governance—more efficient and effective • Knowledge economy requires space for participation • Path for each middle income countries differs, balanced approach to governance dimensions--contextual • Is MIT a misallocation of Talent and innovation stagnation? Or is it an economic constraint that needs a social solution? • Young people care about governance—voice and accountability—How does MfDR consciously support inclusion? • How do you envision your youth contributing? • What are some of joint government and youth initiatives for improved services?

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