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The Biomedical Therapies 507-513

The Biomedical Therapies 507-513. Therapies aimed at the altering the body chemistry. Psychopharmacology. The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior. Drugs and Hospitalization. Emptying of Mental Hospitals. Deinstitutionalization. Testing New Drugs.

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The Biomedical Therapies 507-513

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  1. The Biomedical Therapies507-513 Therapies aimed at the altering the body chemistry.

  2. Psychopharmacology • The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

  3. Drugs and Hospitalization

  4. Emptying of Mental Hospitals

  5. Deinstitutionalization

  6. Testing New Drugs • When a new drug is released there is always too much enthusiasm. • Must use a double-blind procedure to combat placebo and experimental effects. These experiments better able use to classify different types of drugs:

  7. Antipsychotic Drugs • Treat Positive and Negative Symptoms of Psychosis • Old medications: Thorazine and Haldol treated only positive symptoms • Side effects: uncontrolled muscle spasms • New Medications: Clozapine and others – reduce “negative” symptoms

  8. Antianxiety Drugs • Anxiolytics -includes drugs like Valium, Librium, and Xanax. Used for episodes of anxiety. • Like alcohol, they depress nervous system activity. • Most widely abused drugs. • Now there’s drugs that are taken everyday that slowly reduces general anxiety levels. Do they really solve the problem?

  9. Antidepressant Drugs • Lift you up out of depression. • Old drugs – MAOI’s – increases norepinephrine. Can produce high blood pressure • New drugs – fluoxetine (Prozac). Increases serotonin in the brain. • Works slowly – not immediate relief.

  10. Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Selexa, etc… • Work by blocking serotonin reuptake.

  11. Lithium • Used for bipolar disorder • A naturally occuring mineral salt • Greatly reduces both mania and depression

  12. Electroconvulsive Therapy • Biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

  13. Psychosurgery • Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior. Egas Moniz developed the lobotomy in the 1930s. Ice pick like instrument through the eye sockets cutting the links between the frontal lobes and the emotional control centers.

  14. Lobotomy

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