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Federalism

Federalism. 1/31/2012. Clearly Communicated Learning Objectives. Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: understand and interpret the United States Constitution and apply it to present policy dilemmas. 

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Federalism

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  1. Federalism 1/31/2012

  2. Clearly Communicated Learning Objectives • Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: • understand and interpret the United States Constitution and apply it to present policy dilemmas.  • understand why our national government works and why the American system of government is unique.

  3. Opportunities to Discuss Course Content • Today 11:45-2 • Wednesday 11-2 Free Constitutions for anyone who stops by

  4. Readings • Federalist 10 • http://www.constitution.org/fed/federa10.htm • Chapter 3- Federalism

  5. Regulatory Federalism

  6. Regulatory Federalism • Using Sanctions and rules to promote national policy goals • Withholding money instead of rewarding it • Regulation is cheap

  7. Types of Regulatory Federalism

  8. Preemption • Stems from the Supremacy Clause • New Technology • Used to Standardized Regulation • Limits Freedom of the States

  9. Preemption promotes standardization Then Now

  10. Standard Labels on Food Food Drinks

  11. Restraints • These Prohibit the states from acting • Limit the power of the states

  12. Types of Restraints • Direct Orders (you can’t) • Mandates (you must) • Unfunded Mandates

  13. Withholding Money Sanctions

  14. Cross-Cutting Requirement • Comply with the Law • Or Else (no federal money whatsoever) • Grove City College

  15. Cross-over sanction • Do as your are told in policy area A • Or Get No Money in policy area B

  16. Federalism- The Good

  17. Diffusion of Power • Power is not concentrated • Local problems handled locally

  18. More Access Points • Local Government and State Government • More Representation • Choice of Public Services and rules

  19. Laboratories of Democracy • Fosters experimentation and innovation • Trial audiences

  20. Federalism- The Bad

  21. Federalism is Costly • Additional Layers of government incur costs • Multiple layers means more red tape • Who can arrest us?

  22. Uncertainty over Laws • What is legal in one state • May be illegal in another

  23. Variations in Policy Capacity • The ability of states to handle their responsibilities • Many states lag behind • Size and people • affluence

  24. Consequences of Policy Capacity

  25. Entitlements

  26. Entitlements • Provide resources directly to individuals • If You are eligible, you receive the resource • Bypasses the states altogether.

  27. These are Very Expensive

  28. Social Security • The Largest Single Federal Program • A program that everyone loves • A Program that tracks baby names

  29. Why do we love it? • Almost everyone gets it- 54 million people were receiving benefits. • It has very basic goals that are easy to reach • The average worker gets $1,164 a month

  30. How Do We pay for it? • Payroll Taxes • I Pay 4.2% of my salary For 2012 • St. Edward’s matches this • There is an upper limit on taxes… for Now (the most you can pay is $4,485.60 ) • The most you can get in benefits is $2366

  31. SOCIAL SECURITY IS IN FINANCIAL TROUBLE

  32. America is Getting Older

  33. Americans are living Longer

  34. There are Fewer Workers

  35. Baby Boomers and Recession

  36. Bankrupt vs. Broke • Bankrupt- not being able to meet your obligations • Broke- not having any money Either way, we need policy change

  37. How to Solve the Problem? • There are many solutions • All involve risk and create winners and losers • Your primary targets are voting constituents

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